母体多囊卵巢综合征对子代不同生长发育阶段影响的研究进展

Research progress of effect of maternal polycystic ovary syndrome on different stages of offspring growth and developmental

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄期妇女最常见的妇科内分泌疾病之一,对她们的内分泌健康及生殖健康产生了诸多不良影响,如高雄激素血症、胰岛素抵抗、排卵减少或无排卵等,这些均使得母体成功受孕困难。即使受孕成功,她们的子代从胎儿期直至成年后都受到母体PCOS状态的持续影响,如宫内高雄激素介导的胎盘病理状态、继发的胎儿生长发育异常以及其他与PCOS相关的不良妊娠结局;子代出生后的各生长发育时期在内分泌、心血管、精神、生殖等方面均可能表现出一定异常,且在女性子代中更为明显。PCOS对子代产生影响的机制包括产前高雄激素暴露、胎盘损伤、炎症作用和遗传易感性等,而更多机制需要进一步探究。本文从母体PCOS对子代的影响及有关机制方面进行文献综述。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is one of the most common gynecological endocrine diseases of women of childbearing age,which has many adverse effects on the endocrine and reproductive health of women of childbearing age,such as hyperandrogenism,insulin resistance,ovulation reduction or anovulation and so on,which make it difficult for mother to conceive successfully.Even if the pregnancy is successful,their offspring are continuously affected by the maternal PCOS from fetal stage to adulthood,such as placenta pathology status mediated by intrauterine hyperandrogenism,secondary abnormal fetal growth and development,and other adverse pregnancy outcomes related to PCOS.There are some abnormalities in endocrine,cardiovascular,mental,reproductive and other aspects at various growth and development stages after birth,which are more obvious in female offspring.The mechanisms of PCOS affecting offspring include prenatal hyperandrogenism exposure,placental injury,inflammatory effect,genetic susceptibility,etc.,but more mechanisms need to be further explored.This paper reviews the literature on the influence of maternal PCOS on offspring and related mechanisms.