碳纤维复合材料液压缸研究现状与发展趋势

Research status and development trend of carbon fiber reinforced polymer hydraulic cylinder

碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有抗热冲击、抗拉强度高、耐腐蚀等优点,已广泛应用在机器人、航空航天、工程装备及其他领域,用CFRP来制备液压缸能够大幅度提升液压系统的轻量化的水平,帮助系统降低能耗。本文从复合材料缸筒、活塞和活塞杆、成型工艺、密封润滑和发展趋势五个方面综述了CFRP液压缸的发展现状,介绍缸筒和活塞中金属与复合材料之间的联接方法及多材料设计的参考准则,并对手糊式、缠绕式、拉挤式、树脂传递模型成型等加工工艺进行介绍,然后讨论了CFRP液压缸存在的密封、摩擦、动态响应等问题,最后从涂层、加工、后处理给出了碳纤维液压缸的发展趋势。

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)has been widely used in robotics,aerospace,engineering equipment and other fields for its advantages of thermal shock resistance,high tensile strength and corrosion resistance.Producing hydraulic cylinder with CFRP can greatly improve the lightweight level of hydraulic system and reduce energy consumption further.The paper summarizes the development status of CFRP hydraulic cylinder from five aspects:composite cylinder,piston and piston rod,molding process,sealing and lubrication,and development trends.Then the connection methods between metal and composite material in cylinder and piston are introduced,during which the reference criteria of multi-material design is given in detail.The processing technologies of hand lay-up,filament winding,pultrusion,resin transfer model forming are shown,then the problems of sealing,friction and dynamic response of CFRP hydraulic cylinder are discussed.Finally,the development trends of CFRP hydraulic cylinder are given from three aspects:Coating,processing and post-treatment.