基于社区的早期家庭教育指导服务模式:治理结构与运行机制

Education Guidance Service Model:Governance Structure and Operation Mechanism

儿童早期的家庭教育指导事关我国托育体系建设整体质量和"全面二孩""三孩"这一重大人口与生育政策的持续优质实施。在国家治理体系改革的背景下,基于社区的早期家庭教育指导服务模式成为推进托育体系和家校社协同育人体系的关键,也是社会治理现代化的重要特征。本研究重点调查了有代表性的三种早期家庭教育指导服务模式,并从治理结构和运行机制等方面总结了经验,以期为我国其他地区开展基于社区的早期家庭教育指导服务提供借鉴和参考。在治理结构方面,包括以政府联席会议、主责职能部门为核心的权力机构,以幼儿园或民间非营利性质组织为核心的决策机构和依托早期教育指导中心的执行机构;在运行机制方面,通过保障经费、提高教师专业指导能力和形成科学课程模式来保障指导服务的顺利开展。

The guidance of family education in early childhood is related to the overall quality of China’s childcare system construction and the sustainable and high-quality implementation of the"comprehensive two children",a major historical population and birth policy.In the context of the reform of the national governance system,community-based early family education guidance and service mode has become the key to promoting the construction of the childcare system and the family-school cooperative education system,and it is also an important feature of the modernization of social governance.This study focuses on the investigation of three representative early family education guidance service modes and summarizes the experience from the aspects of governance structure and operation mechanism,to provide reference and reference for the development of community-based early family education guidance service in other areas of China.In the aspect of governance structure,it includes the power organization with the government joint meeting and the main respensibility of functional department as the core,the decision-making organization with the kindergarten or the non-governmental non-profit organization as the core and the executive organization relying on the early education guidance center.In terms of operation mechanism,the guidance service should be carried out smoothly by guaranteeing funds,improving teachers’ professional guidance ability,and forming scientific curriculum mode.