证据法:实现正义的规范性装置——《证据法哲学》介评

Evidence law:a normative device for realizing the justice——introduction and review on A Philosophy of Evidence Law

陪审团审判的凋零与"自由心证"的盛行,使得证据法陷入了难以未卜的命运。《证据法哲学》这本开拓性论著的面世,重新对证据法予以界定并揭示了其重要意涵:证据法的主要调整对象为事实认定,是一种控制审判评议的规范性装置;其外部目标是探究真相与合理分配判决错误风险;内在价值是实现正义的道德伦理与认识正当性。在此基础上,该书道出了证据法的主旨:在探究真相的过程中实现正义。这一要义的提出,不仅澄清了学界长期对证据法存在的"纯粹发现真相工具"与"陪审团之子"误区,而且还为中国证据法由"构建可采性规则为中心"向"规范审判评议为核心"转型、以及证据法的法典化进程提供了启示与指引。

The fading of jury trial and the prevalence of inner conviction make the evidence law fall into an uncertain fate. The publication of A Philosophy of Evidence Law, a pioneering work, redefines the evidence law and reveals its significant value: The main adjustment object of evidence law is fact-finding, and it is a normative device to control trial deliberation. The external goal of evidence law is to explore the truth and reasonably distribute the risk of judgment error, and its internal value is to realize the just moral ethics and the legitimacy of cognition. On this basis, the treatise reveals the main idea of the evidence law: to realize justice in the process of exploring the truth. The proposal of this keynote not only clarifies the long-term misunderstanding of ’the pure tool for finding truth’ and ’the son of the jury’ about the evidence law, but also provides enlightenment and guidance for the codification of evidence law and the transformation of China’s evidence law from "constructing admissibility rules as the center" to "normalizing trial deliberation as the core".