基于中高级智能技术的煤炭井工开采管控模式

Management and control mode of underground coal mining based on medium and high-level intelligent technology

煤炭是我国兜底保障能源,未来一段时间内在能源中的主体地位不会改变,煤炭智能开采将呈现快速发展态势,迈进新的发展阶段。经归纳分析,总结出煤矿智能化建设的重大意义、发展规律、矛盾问题、建设方法和未来发展方向。系统阐述了我国煤炭开采技术和管理模式的变革历程,总结了人工开采、普通开采、综合机械化开采、自动化开采、初级智能化开采5个阶段及对应的技术模式。突破传统煤矿采掘机运通等智能化研究思路,提出煤炭中高级智能开采技术的10个表征,即煤矿完全透明、感知全面智慧、装备高端智能、网络实时可靠、平台集成操控、数据智能分析、群体协同智能、队伍员工职业、决策智慧动态、灾害防控匹配,并给出每个表征的定义、特点、内容、功能等。以中高级智能技术为前提,构思出相对应的煤炭井工开采“1+1”管控新模式,即1个煤矿设置1个层级,构建“1个指挥控制中心+1个专业化队伍”的扁平化平台式管控新模式,以推进生产方式变革,匹配未来智能化快速发展对应开采模式需求,实现真正意义的减人、增安、提效。最后,对煤矿智能化开采技术和模式进一步发展进行了展望。

Coal is the guarantee energy in China,and its dominant position in energy will not change for a period of time in the future.Coal intelligent mining will show a rapid development trend and enter into a new stage of development.Through induction and analysis,the great significance,development law,contradiction,construction method and future development direction of intelligent construction of coal mine are summarized in this paper.This paper systematically expounds the reform process of coal mining technology and management mode in China,and summarizes the five stages of manual mining,ordinary mining,comprehensive mechanized mining,automatic mining,primary intelligent mining,as well as the corresponding technical modes.Breaking through the intelligent research ideas such as traditional coal roadheader mining,this paper puts forward 10 characteristics of medium and high-level intelligent mining technology of coal,namely,complete transparency of coal mine,comprehensive intelligence of perception,high-end intelligence of equipment,real-time reliability of network,integrated platform control,intelligent analysis of data,group collaboration intelligence,professional team employees,dynamic decision-making intelligence,disaster prevention and control matching,and gives the definition,characteristics,content and function of each characteristic.Based on the premise of medium and high-level intelligent technology,the corresponding'1+1'management and control mode of coal mine mining is conceived,that is,one level is set in one coal mine,and a new flat platform management and control mode of'one command and control center+one professional team'is constructed.Therefore,the mode can promote the reform of production mode,match the requirements of corresponding mining mode in the future intelligent rapid development and realize the real meaning of reducing personnel,increasing safety and improving efficiency.Finally,the further development of intelligent mining technology and mode in coal mine is prospected.