特种车辆叉臂式座椅刚度-阻尼特性及舒适性研究

RESEARCH ON STIFFNESS-DAMPING FEATURE AND RIDE COMFORT FOR CROSS-ARM DAMPING SEAT OF SPECIAL VEHICLES

为掌握特种车辆叉臂式座椅的刚度-阻尼特性,建立了叉臂式座椅动力学仿真模型,对其D级路面条件下不同车速(5 km/h、15 km/h、25 km/h、35 km/h)的时频响应进行了分析;以ISO2631-1:1997规定的加权加速度均方根值为指标,讨论了不同的刚度-阻尼系数匹配下的座椅舒适性;同时开展了实车验证实验。结果表明,不同车速下座椅的垂直加速度响应呈随机非平稳特性,且车速越大,座椅振动加剧;各个车速下座椅前两阶模态频率集中在3 Hz~10 Hz,包含人体敏感频段,乘坐舒适性较差;实验结果与仿真舒适性评估结果接近,验证了仿真模型的正确性。为特种车辆座椅全路面舒适性的刚度-阻尼参数多目标匹配优化及工程应用提供参考。

In order to obtain the stiffness-damping feature of cross-arm damping seat of special vehicles,the dynamic simulation model of cross-arm seat is established.The time-frequency responses on the level D road and different vehicle speed conditions(5 km/h,15 km/h,25 km/h and 35 km/h)are analyzed.With considering the weighted root-mean square(RMS)acceleration in criterion ISO 2631-1:1997 as an evaluation index,the ride comfort of the seat with different matching relationships of stiffness and damp are discussed.Furthermore,the real vehicle validation experiment is conducted.The results show that the seat vertical acceleration under different speeds has the non-stationary random characteristic.The seat vibration intensifies with the increase of the speed.Under different vehicle speed conditions,the first two model frequencies for the seat concentrates in 3 Hz~10 Hz,which includes the human sensitivity frequency ranges,inducing the poor ride comfort performance.Additionally,the simulation results agree with the experimental data,which verifies the correctness of the dynamic simulation model.The research has certain reference for multi-objective matching optimization design about the stiffness-damping parameters for the seat comfort of special all-terrain vehicles and engineering applications.