农民收入与农业收入“双增长”驱动因素分析

Analysis on Driving Factors of“Double Growth”of Farmers'Income and Agricultural Income

基于2009—2019年我国省际面板数据,运用固定效应回归方法,从农民增收、农业提效双重视角探寻促进农民收入及农业收入“双增长”的驱动因素。结果显示:城乡消费“示范效应”、机械化程度、交通便利性及农产品市场化程度能够对农民收入与农业收入“双增长”起到驱动作用;人力资本是农民进入非农行业的能力门槛,同时也是农地经营被忽视的关键因素,对农村而言,“教育抽水机”现象仍然存在;农地规模化经营并未实现规模经济,对农民收入和农业收入“双增长”的驱动并不显著。基于此,提出提高农业经营主体的受教育水平、提升配套设施生产条件、拓展兼业经营方式、发展环境友好型生产方式及提升农产品市场化程度等对策建议。

Based on the inter-provincial panel data from 2009 to 2019,the fixed-effect regression method is used to explore the driving factors that promote the“double growth”of farmers'income and agricultural income from the perspectives of increasing farmers’income and improving agricultural efficiency.The results show that the“demonstration effect”of urban and rural consumption,mechanization degree,transportation convenience and marketization degree of agricultural products can drive the“double growth”of farmers’income and agricultural income.Human capital is not only the threshold of farmers’ability to enter non-agricultural industries,but also the key factor of farmland management being neglected.For rural areas,the phenomenon of“education pump”still exists.The scale operation of farmland has not realized the scale economy,and it does not drive the“double growth”of farmers’income and agricultural income significantly.Finally,it points out that we should pay attention to improving the education level of agricultural operators,improving the production conditions of supporting facilities,expanding the mode of concurrent operation,developing the environment-friendly mode of production and promoting the marketization degree of agricultural products.