生态城市建设背景下城市生活质量空间格局分析——以长沙市为例

Spatial Pattern Analysis of Urban Quality of Life Based on Multi-source Data:A Case Study of Changsha

随着“生态文明”理念下生态城市建设的不断发展,社会生活空间愈发受到重视。生活质量涉及社会生活中的广泛领域,建立生活质量指标体系有助于提高城市居民生活质量,加强对城市空间结构的优化调控。本研究以湖南省长沙市中心城区为例,综合运用统计数据分析、ArcGis空间分析技术、对长沙市中心城区生活质量进行研究,选取中心城区的78个街道为基本空间统计单位,以“生态城市建设”中“以人为本”以及“坚持经济效益、社会效益与生态效益相统一”的两项原则选取人的基本物质生活、人的基本社会保障、人的基本生存环境三个一级指标,采用熵值法和GIS空间自分析法,定量评价长沙市中心城区生活质量的结构及其特征。研究发现:长沙市中心城区生活质量空间格局是由市中心呈放射状向外辐射,研究区域生活质量空间布局总体来说分布不均匀,影响因素较多。通过GIS空间自分析长沙市中心城区生活质量发现出现“高地”和“洼地”等不平衡区域,并且从经济因素、社会保障、生态环境三个因素主导下分别进行了研究区域生活质量的空间格局分析。为实现长沙城市发展方式的转型,推进生态城市持续快速健康发展的规划实践提供科学依据。推动长沙市内部区域协调发展,提升城市竞争力。

With the continuous development of eco-city construction under“ecological civilization”,social living space has been paid more and more attention.The quality of life involves a wide range of fields in social life.The establishment of life quality index system will help to improve the quality of life of urban residents and strengthen the optimal regulation of urban spatial structure.Taking the central urban area of Changsha,Hunan province as an example,this paper comprehensively uses statistical data analysis and ArcGIS spatial analysis technology to study the life quality in the central urban area of Changsha,selects 78 streets in the central urban area as the basic spatial statistical unit,takes“people-oriented”in“ecological city construction”and“adheres to the unity of economic benefits,social benefits and ecological benefits”.According to the two principles,the three first-class indicators,namely,people’s basic material life,people’s basic social security and people’s basic living environment,are selected to quantitatively evaluate the structure and characteristics of the life quality in the central urban area of Changsha by using entropy method and GIS spatial self-analysis method.It is found that the spatial pattern of life quality in the central urban area of Changsha radiates outward from the city center.Generally speaking,the spatial distribution of life quality in the study area is uneven and there are many influencing factors.Through GIS spatial self-analysis,it is found that there are unbalanced areas such as“highland”and“depression”,and the spatial pattern of regional quality of life is analyzed under the guidance of economic factors,social security and ecological environment.It provides a scientific basis for realizing the transformation of Changsha urban development mode and promoting the planning practice of sustainable,rapid and healthy development of ecological city.And it promotes the coordinated development of Changsha internal regions and enhances the city competitiveness.