活塞导向长度对油气悬架减振性能的影响

Effect of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Piston Guide Length on Its Vibration Reduction Performance

烛式油气悬架兼有主销的作用,所以通常具有2°~5°的安装内倾角,内倾角会造成油气缸承受横向力的作用,从而增大缸筒和活塞之间的摩擦力。摩擦力增大会影响油气缸的减振性和车辆乘坐舒适性,严重时会造成油气缸“摩擦锁死”现象,使油气缸失去减振能力。以某矿用自卸车的烛式油气悬架为研究对象,通过理论分析了缸筒和活塞之间摩擦力的影响因素,得出了延长活塞导向长度可以减小缸筒和活塞之间摩擦力的结论。通过装载试验和矿区路面行驶试验对比了导向长度分别为0.10,0.15,0.20 m时,油气缸的减振能力和车辆乘坐舒适性。结果表明:其他参数不变,当活塞导向长度由0.10 m增加至0.20 m时,油气缸的振动传递率由0.65变为0.47,油气缸的减振能力提高了27.7%;整车的总加权加速度均方根值从1.06 m/s^(2)下降到0.72 m/s^(2),车辆乘坐舒适性明显提高。

Candle-type hydro-pneumatic suspension has the role of kingpin.Therefore,it has an installation inclination angle of 2°~5°,which will cause the cylinder to bear lateral force,so as to increase the friction between the cylinder and the piston.The increase of friction will affect the vibration reduction property of cylinder and the ride comfort of vehicle,in the serious cases,it will cause“friction lock”of the cylinder and make the cylinder lose its vibration reduction ability.In this paper,the candle-type hydro-pneumatic suspension of a mine dump truck is taken as the research object.The influence factors of friction between cylinder and piston are analyzed theoretically.It is concluded that prolonging the guide length of piston can reduce the friction between cylinder and piston,and improve the damping capacity of suspension.Through loading and road driving experiment,the vibration damping capacity of the cylinders is compared with guide length of 0.10 m,0.15 m and 0.20 m,and the ride comfort of the vehicles is analyzed.The experimental results show that:with other parameters unchanged,when the guide length of the piston increases from 0.10 m to 0.20 m,the vibration transmission rate of the cylinder changes from 0.65 to 0.47,and the vibration damping capacity of the cylinder increases by 27.7%;the RMS(root-mean-square)value of the total weighted acceleration of the vehicle decreased from 1.06 m/s^(2) to 0.72 m/s^(2),and the ride comfort of the vehicle improved significantly.