关于鲁迅中医观的几个问题

Several Issues Concerning Lu Xun’s View of Traditional Chinese Medicine

在中国文化复兴的历史背景下,准确认识和理解鲁迅的中医观,成为当下鲁迅思想研究中备受重视的课题。在这个课题的研究中,至今存在三种观点,一是鲁迅全盘否定中医说;二是鲁迅前期否定和反对中医,后期由于接受了马克思主义,克服了思想的片面性,转变为肯定中医,即前后期转变说;三是最近有研究者提出鲁迅批判中医前后期不同策略演变说。梳理有关研究文献,细读鲁迅文本可以发现,所谓鲁迅反对和否定中医的结论,是未经严密论证的,之所以长期就这一非科学结论在低层次上重复论争,既有以往研究史上真正学术探讨缺失的问题,也一直存在着对鲁迅中医批判的过度阐释问题。

An accurate understanding of Lu Xun’s view of Traditional Chinese Medicine has become a subject of great importance in the study of Lu Xun’s thought against the historical background of China’s cultural revival. There are three viewpoints in the research of this subject so far. One holds that Lu Xun totally denied Traditional Chinese Medicine. The second one believes that Lu Xun had denied and opposed Traditional Chinese Medicine in his early life. Later as he accepted Marxism, he overcame such one-sided thought and began to approve Traditional Chinese Medicine, which is called the theory of transformation in Lu Xun’s earlier and later life. The third view is held by recent researchers who put forward the theory of Lu Xun’s strategy evolution in criticizing Traditional Chinese Medicine in the early and late stages of his life. Through the reading of relevant research literature and Lu Xun’s works carefully, we can find that the conclusion of Lu Xun opposing and denying Traditional Chinese Medicine has not been rigorously drawn. The reason why this unscientific conclusion has been repeatedly debated at a low level for a long time is not only due to the lack of real academic discussion in the previous researches, but also because of the over-interpretation of Lu Xun’s criticism of Traditional Chinese Medicine.