药房高危药品管理中的问题分析及PDCA的应用价值分析

Analysis of Problems in the Management of High-alert Drugs in Pharmacy and Analysis of Application Value of PDCA

目的:分析药房高危药品管理中的问题及PDCA的应用价值。方法:将2019年1月~2019年12月某院实施常规管理时开具的150张高危药品处方作为对照组,将2020年1月~2020年12月某院实施PDCA管理时开具的150张高危药品处方作为观察组,对组间管理问题发生率、药师知识知晓情况、管理质量评分展开分析。结果:(1)观察组发生5例管理问题(3.33%),对照组发生22例管理问题(14.67%),P<0.05;(2)观察组管理制度内容(85.00%)、过量服用应对(80.00%)、高危药品品种(85.00%)、高危药品分类(100.00%)、高危药品定义(85.00%)知晓率均高于对照组(50.00%)、(30.00%)、(35.00%)、(65.00%)、(35.00%),P<0.05;(3)观察组有效期监测(17.23±1.77)分、专用标识(16.79±1.11)分、专区储存(16.62±1.25)分、标准化作业(15.54±1.14)分、目录制定评分(15.23±1.29)分均高于对照组(16.68±1.84)分、(16.36±1.15)分、(16.18±1.21)分、(15.06±1.22)分、(14.85±1.37)分,P<0.05。结论:药房高危药品管理中存在的问题主要是管理制度不到位、标志牌内容不全、药品存放不当,采用PDCA可以增强药师对高危药品的认识,提高管理质量,减少管理问题,值得推广。

Objective:To analyze the problems in the management of high-alert drugs in pharmacy and the application value of PDCA.Methods:The 150 prescriptions for high-risk drugs issued by a hospital during the routine management from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as control group,and 150 high-risk drug prescriptions issued when a hospital implemented PDCA management from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group.The incidence of management problems,pharmacists knowledge awareness situation,and management quality score in the two groups were analyzed.Results:There were 5 cases of management problems in the observation group(3.33%),22 cases of management problems in the control group(14.67%)(P<0.05);The awareness rate of the contents of management system(85.00%),response to overdose(80.00%),varieties of high-alert drugs(85.00%),classification of high-alert drugs(100.00%),and definition of high-alert drugs(85.00%)in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group(50.00%,30.00%,35.00%,65.00%,35.00%)(P<0.05);The validity monitoring score(17.23±1.77),special label score(16.79±1.11),zone storage score(16.62±1.25),standardized operation score(15.54±1.14),and catalogue formulation score(15.23±1.29)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group[(16.68±1.84),(16.36±1.15),(16.18±1.21),(15.06±1.22),(14.85±1.37)](P<0.05).Conclusion:The problems existing in the management of high-alert drugs in pharmacies are mainly inadequate management system,incomplete content of labels and improper storage of drugs.PDCA can enhance pharmacists'understanding of high-alert drugs,improve management quality and reduce management problems,which is worthy of promotion.