湘中地区新旧民居室内热环境及其民居更新策略研究

Study on Indoor Thermal Environment and Renewal Strategy of Old and New Dwellings in Central Hunan

湘中地区传统民居是在冬季湿冷夏季酷热气候条件下形成的一类独特的居住形态。以湘中地区娄底市楼下村新旧民居为研究对象,通过走访、问卷调查、实地温湿度测试的方法,对新旧民居室内热环境进行分析和评价,发现新建民居的砖混结构热惰性好,冬季保温效果好,但是在夏季不利于室内散热;古建筑的围护结构主要是木板壁,木板壁在夏季白天防热不佳,但是在夜间的散热比砖混结构好,有利于夏季夜间散热,不利于冬季保暖。再结合当地居民的生活、生产方式,从选址与朝向、平面布局、外围护结构及材料、自然通风等方面提出了当地民居更新策略。

The traditional dwellings in the central Hunan region are a unique form of living formed in the hot summer and cold winter weather conditions.Taking modern and traditional dwellings of Louxia Village in Loudi City in the central area of Hunan as the research object,through the interview,questionnaire survey and field temperature and humidity test methods,the indoor and outdoor thermal environment of new and conventional dwellings were analyzed and evaluated,and the brick-concrete structure of newly-built dwellings has favorable thermal inertia.In winter,the thermal insulation effect is positive,but it is not conducive to indoor heat dissipation in summer;the building envelope of the ancient building is mainly the wooden wall,the wooden wall has poor heat protection during the daytime in summer,but the heat dissipation at night is greater than the brick-concrete structure,which is beneficial to heat dissipation during the summer and harmful to winter warmth.Combined with the living and production methods of local residents,the local dwellings renewal strategy was proposed from the aspects of site selection and orientation,plane layout,outer dwellings envelope structure and materials,and natural ventilation.