低盐、无乳饮食及咖啡因、酒精对梅尼埃病的影响

Effects of Low-Salt,Dairy-Free Diet and Caffeine,Alcohol on Meniere’s Disease

梅尼埃病(Meniere’sdisease,MD)是一种特发性内耳疾病。临床表现为反复发作的旋转性眩晕、波动性听力下降、耳鸣和耳闷胀感。由于梅尼埃病的病因及发病机制不明,目前尚无痊愈的治疗方法。临床上多采用调节自主神经功能、改善内耳微循环、解除迷路积水为主的药物治疗及手术治疗。在生活方式上,通常建议患者低盐及清淡饮食,这一观点得到了许多学者的证实。关于饮食对梅尼埃病影响的具体情况,尚缺乏全面系统的研究。本文以MD患者的低盐饮食为起点,重点探讨低盐、无乳饮食及咖啡因、酒精对梅尼埃病的影响。

Meniere’s disease(MD)is an idiopathic inner ear disease,which was first proposed by French doctor prosper Meniere in 1861.The clinical manifestations were recurrent vertigo,fluctuating hearing loss,tinnitus and ear fullness.In 1938,Hallpike and Cairns reported that the main pathological change of the disease was membranous labyrinthine hydrops.Because the etiology and pathogenesis of Meniere’s disease are unknown,there is no cure for the disease at present.In clinical practice,drug therapy and surgery are mainly used to regulate autonomic nerve function,improve inner ear microcirculation and relieve labyrinthine hydrops.In terms of lifestyle,patients are usually advised to eat low salt and light diet,which has been confirmed by many scholars.However,there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic research on the impact of diet on Meniere’s disease.Therefore,this review will take the low salt diet of MD patients as the starting point to explore the impact of diet on MD patients.Therefore,this review will focus on the effects of low-salt,dairy-free diets and caffeine,alcohol on Meniere’s disease.