民族村社基层治理体系中的角色与结构特征分析——以黔东南苗族侗族自治州基层公共治理为例

Analysis on Roles and Structure Features of Community-level Governance System in Ethnic Villages——Take Community-level Public Governance of Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture as Example

民族地区民族村社治理体系的构建是多民族国家治理体系构建的重要环节,基层传统寨老政治是研究特定民族村社基层治理问题的重要切入点。基于田野实证分析可以得出,国家的治理授权与基层政治精英的身份二重性构成了民族村社微观治理的角色特征,而政府主导下基层治理的复合性运作结构与传统寨老治理仍然具备的局部有效性构成了微观治理中的结构特征。在基层党政部门为代表的国家治理体系主导民族村社治理过程的前提下,地方政府与民族村社参与治理的非正式角色之间,仍然存在着多种不同的组合类型,现代多民族国家宏观治理体系的构建与完善离不开对民族地区基层治理体系的精细化研究。

The construction of social governance system of ethnic villages in ethnic areas is the main link of a multi-ethnic state governance system.From the analysis of field investigation,the dual nature of national authorization and grass-roots political elite forms the role characteristics of micro governance of ethnic villages,the complex operation structure of it under the government leading makes up the structural feature of micro governance with the partially efficiency of traditional Zhailao governance.Grass-roots Party and Government departments,as the representative of national governance system,manages the governance of ethnic villages,the informal roles involving the governance between local government and ethnic villages,many combination types may be possible.The construction and perfection of macro governance system of modern multinational country can’t be realized without careful study on community level governance system of ethnic areas.