明代《孔府档案》中文书形态的认定

The Identification of the Documents Form of the Confucius Mansion Archives in the Ming Dynasty

明代《孔府档案》在形成、流转的过程中,产生了不同的文书形态,这些文书形态可作为考察明代孔府日常文书制作、行政事务处理实态的切入点。明代《孔府档案》中的文书形态有草稿、定稿、正本、存本、副本及抄件,不同文书形态的形制、内容、施用对象有一定差别,其认定要件也各不相同。厘清档案中的文书形态,既能方便对其进行整理,亦能有利于判定其史料价值及各方面的利用。此认定方法具有共通性,同时适用于对其他档案的文书形态认定。

In the process of formation and circulation of the Confucius Mansion Archives in the Ming Dynasty,different forms of documents were produced.These forms of documents can be used as a breakthrough point to investigate the reality of daily document making and administrative affairs processing of the Confucius Mansion in the Ming Dynasty.There are draft,final draft,official text,deposit,copy and duplicated document in the Confucius Mansion in the Ming Dynasty,there are some differences in the form,content and application object of different forms of documents,and their identification requirements are also different.It is not only convenient to sort out the documents in the archives,but also helpful to judge their historical value and use in various aspects.This identification method has generality,and it is also suitable for the identification of other archives.