基础研究中非共识项目的资助问题研究

The Research on the Funding Management System of Non-consensus Projects in the Basic Scientific Research

研究者收益与风险的时空不对称性需要科研资助对研究者的投入风险进行价值补偿。以具有非共识特征的自由探索型基础研究项目为对象,审视非共识项目的内涵,指出非共识项目和“非共识现象”之间的差异,分析非共识项目资助管理的现状和风险成因。基于研究者项目决策路径重点分析共识性项目研究者和非共识项目研究者的差异化决策机理,提出非共识项目资助管理的风险管理机理和措施,指出通过将立项节点设置在非共识项目的探索验证阶段,并通过持续性分阶段资助,弱化立项时间界限,实现对非共识项目研究价值和投入风险的有效匹配。进一步提出有利于非共识项目资助管理体系设计的政策建议。

The spatial-temporal asymmetry between researchers’benefits and risks requires research funding to compensate for researchers’investment risks.This paper focuses on the free-exploring basic research projects with non-consensus characteristics as its object of study,examines the connotation characteristics of nonconsensus projects,points out the differences between non-consensus projects and“non-consensus phenomenon”,and analyzes the current situation of the funding management of non-consensus projects and the causes of funding management risks.Then,through focusing on the differential decision-making mechanism between consensus project researchers and non-consensus project researchers based on the researchers’project decision path,this paper introduces the risk management mechanism and measures in the funding process for no-consensus projects.It concludes that setting the project approval node in the exploration period and weakening the project time limit can achieve the effective matching of project value and investment risk of non-consensus projects.Finally,this paper also puts forward four policy recommendations for the design of the funding management system of nonconsensus projects.