“根据宪法,制定本法”的规范蕴涵与立法表达

The Normative Implication and Legislative Expression of"This Law is Enacted in accordance with the Constitution"

党的十八大以来,在法律制定与修改活动非常频繁的背景下,为了更好地坚持“科学立法”,实现“依宪立法”,探讨如何“根据宪法,制定本法”是一项基础性工作。在对现有法律中明确规定“根据宪法,制定本法”的基本样态进行分类梳理分析的基础上,确定立法中到底什么时候该写入以及如何写“根据宪法,制定本法”,首先,需要明晰其规范意涵,既要整体性地体现宪法精神,也应以具体的规范为依据;其次,确立其入法标准,即以基本法律必须规定为原则,以基本法律以外的法律规定为例外,而且须存在规定的必要;最后,应该规范其立法表述,既包括立法依据、立法理由,也包括表述的文字及标点符号。在梳理和检视现有立法基本样态的基础上,通过上述几个方面的研究,可以为进一步规范完善“根据宪法,制定法律”提供学理上的系统思考和参考。

Under the background of frequent law enactment and amendment activities since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,in order to better adhere to"scientific legislation"and achieve"legislation in accordance with the Constitution",it is a basic research to discuss how to"enact this law in accordance with the Constitution".On basis of sorting out and analyzing in a categorized way the basic patterns of"This Law is Enacted in accordance with the Constitution"clearly stated in existing laws,regarding the issue of when and how"This Law is Enacted in accordance with the Constitution"should be written in the legislation,the first thing is to clarify its normative implication which should reflect the constitutional spirit as a whole and take specific norms as the foundation.On this basis,the standard for writing it in a law is established,namely,the principle is that basic laws must stipulate it,and the exception is that laws other than basic ones stipulate it when it is necessary to do so;Finally,we should standardize its legislative expression,which includes the legislative basis,legislative reasons,as well as the words and punctuation marks.In short,on basis of sorting out and reviewing the basic patterns of existing legislation,through the research in the above-mentioned aspects,systematic thinking and reference at the academic level are offered to standardize and improve"This Law is Enacted in accordance with the Constitution".