交通肇事罪中“逃逸”问题的限缩性解读--基于对651份裁判文书的分析

The Restrictive Interpretation of"Run"in the Crime of A Traffic Accident--An Analysis based on 651 Judgments

交通肇事罪中“逃逸”的加重处罚依据与司法解释对“逃逸目的”的规定不应理解为二元对立关系。对“肇事逃逸”的解读与司法解释中对“其他特别恶劣情节”的规定应具有相当性,其行为结构为因逃逸而关联的两个交通肇事罪的叠加。“逃逸致人死亡”可以理解为我国刑法中对过失型结果加重犯的规定。“二次碰撞”的情形应归入“肇事逃逸”而非“逃逸致人死亡”的范畴。“为逃避法律追究而逃跑”应理解为行为人明知发生交通肇事仍然逃逸,且不具备合理事由时所作的法律推定。“肇事逃逸”及“逃逸致人死亡”的认定可遵循如下判断逻辑:先判断逃逸行为所引起的风险能否被涵摄在相应的加重构成之中,再判断行为人是否存在足以否定逃避法律追究的合理事由。

The basis for aggravated punishment for"run"in the crime of a traffic accident and the provision of"the purpose of run"in judicial interpretations should not be understood as completely opposing.The interpretation of"hit-and-run"should be equivalent to the provision of"other particularly serious circumstances"in judicial interpretation,and its conduct structure is the combination of two counts of the crime of a traffic accident which are connected by run."Death due to run"is a stipulation in the criminal law of China on offence with extended result due to negligence."Second collision"should be includedinto the scope of"hit-and-run"rather than"death due to run".Run with the aim to evade legal responsibility"should be understood as the legal presumption that the perpetrator,having the knowledge of such traffic accident,runs without a legitimate cause.The determination of"hit-and-run"and"death due to run"should be hierarchical:firstly,to determine whether the risk caused by the conduct of run can be included in the corresponding aggravated criminal elements;secondly,to determine whether there is a legitimate cause to deny the aim of evading legal responsibility.