2017年甘肃省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Gansu Cancer Registration Areas in 2017

[目的]分析2017年甘肃省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡情况。[方法]收集2020年甘肃省23个肿瘤登记点上报的恶性肿瘤发病、死亡及人口资料登记数据,其中10个登记点数据符合质量控制标准。按性别、城乡和年龄组分层计算发病(死亡)率、标化发病(死亡)率、0~74岁累积率等统计指标。中标率及世标率分别采用2000年全国普查标准人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成计算。[结果]2017年10个肿瘤登记点(4个城市和6个农村地区)覆盖人口3314576人,恶性肿瘤发病率为295.63/10万(男性337.57/10万,女性251.84/10万),中标率和世标率分别为208.71/10万和210.21/10万,累积率(0~74岁)为25.58%,恶性肿瘤发病在40岁以后开始快速上升,75~岁组达到高峰。城市地区恶性肿瘤发病率为304.37/10万,农村地区为277.83/10万。发病前5位恶性肿瘤依次为胃癌、肺癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、肝癌,占全部恶性肿瘤发病的62.28%。恶性肿瘤死亡率为154.62/10万(男性194.06/10万,女性113.43/10万),中标率和世标率分别为106.75/10万和107.98/10万,恶性肿瘤死亡在45岁以后开始快速上升,80~岁组达到高峰。城市地区死亡率为160.80/10万,农村地区死亡率为142.03/10万。死亡前5位恶性肿瘤依次为胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的71.29%。各地区中临潭县发病率与死亡率最高,白银市白银区与兰州市西固区恶性肿瘤发病率与死亡率最低。[结论]消化道癌、肺癌和女性乳腺癌在甘肃省发病率和死亡率较高,是甘肃省恶性肿瘤防控的主要癌种。应根据恶性肿瘤流行特点,多维度合力推进癌症高危人群预防工作,以降低甘肃省恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。

[Purpose]To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Gansu cancer registration areas in 2017.[Methods]The incidence and mortality data of malignant tumors reported by 23 cancer registries in Gansu Province were collected,of which the data of 10 registries met the quality control standards.The incidence(mortality)rate,age-standardized incidence(mortality)rate,cumulative rate(0~74 years old)were calculated according to gender,areas(urban and rural)and age groups.The age-standardized rate was calculated and adjusted by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASIRC,ASMRC)and world standard(Segi’s)population(ASIRW,ASMRW),respectively.[Results]Ten cancer registries(4 urban and 6 rural areas)covered a population of 3314576 in2017.The crude incidence of all cancers was 295.63/105(337.57/105 in males and 251.84/105 in females),ASIRC and ASIRW were 208.71/105 and 210.21/105,respectively,and the cumulative rate(0~74 years old)was 25.58%.The incidence began to rise rapidly after the age of 40,and reached a peak in the 75~age group.The crude incidence was 304.37/105 in urban areas and277.83/105 in rural areas.The top 5 cancers with high incidence were gastric cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal cancer and liver cancer,accounting for 62.28%of all cancers.The crude mortality rate of all cancers was 154.62/105(194.06/105 in males and 113.43/105 in females).ASIRW and ASMRW were 106.75/105 and 107.98/105,respectively.The mortality rate increased rapidly after the age of 45 and reached the peak in the 80~age group.The mortality rate was160.80/105 in urban areas and 142.03/105 in rural areas.The top 5 cancers with high mortality rate were gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer,accounting for 71.29%of all cancer mortality.Lintan County had the highest incidence and mortality rates of all areas and Baiyin District of Baiyin City and Xigu District of Lanzhou City had the lowest.[Conclusion]Gastrointestinal cancer,lung cancer and female breast cancer have high incidence and mortality in Gansu Province,and they are important cancer types for the prevention and control.According to the epidemiological characteristics of cancers,multi-dimensional efforts should be made to promote the prevention of cancer among high-risk groups to reduce the disease burden of all cancers in Gansu Province.