侦查讯问的法律规制

On the Legal Regulation of Interrogation

侦查讯问的目的之一是取得犯罪嫌疑人的供述,然而若采取非法讯问方法不仅侵犯犯罪嫌疑人的权利,也易导致虚假供述,进而诱发冤假错案。侦查讯问的法律规制主要从口供的取得和口供的审查判断两个方面着手,从而在正向上和反向上规范侦查讯问权的行使。就前者而言,应落实不得强迫自证其罪原则的实现机制,完善讯问人员、地点和时间以及讯问录音录像等法律规定,确立讯问时律师在场制度等;就后者而言,应着力发挥非法口供排除规则的功能。

One of the purposes of interrogation is to obtain criminal suspects’ confession.However, illegal interrogation will not only infringe on the rights of the suspects, but also easily lead to false confessions, which in turn induce the occurrence of false and wrong cases. The legal regulation of interrogation mainly focuses on two aspects: obtaining confession, and review and judgment of confession, aiming to both forwardly and inversely regulate the exercise of the investigative power. In terms of obtaining the confession, we should implement the mechanism for the realization of the principle against self-incrimination, improve the stipulations regarding interrogation personnel, location and time, and audio and video recording of interrogation, and establish the system of the attorney’s presence during interrogation. In terms of the review and judgment of confession, we should give full play to the function of the exclusionary rules of illegally obtained confessions.