某铀矿周边男性居民血脂水平及其影响因素分析

Analysis of blood lipid levels and its influencing factors in male residents around an uranium mine

目的分析某铀矿周边男性居民血脂水平及其影响因素,为铀矿周边居民健康风险评估提供科学依据。方法以某铀矿为中心,按~5,~10、~15和~20 km的半径范围将调查对象分为4组。单纯随机抽样选择某铀矿周边常住男性居民作为调查对象进行健康问卷调查,按照标准方法测量身高、体重、血压。抽取调查对象外周静脉血5 ml,检测静脉血糖和血脂相关指标。采用单因素分析比较调查对象血脂水平及血脂异常检出率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析进行血脂异常影响因素分析。结果共纳入某铀矿周边男性867人,年龄范围为40~69岁。调查对象的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的平均水平(±s)分别为(5.46±1.11)、(1.92±1.64)、(3.19±1.02)和(1.39±0.43)mmol/L。共检出血脂异常384例,检出率为44.29%(384/867)。血脂异常者中,2项指标均异常者居多(占45.57%,175/384)。单因素分析结果显示,不同距离组别TG水平差异具有统计学意义(F=3.34,P<0.05)。不同距离组别的调查对象TG、HDL-C异常检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.52、10.18,P<0.05)。不同体质量指数(BMI)、血压、血糖组别的调查对象血脂异常检出率不同(χ^(2)=45.91、32.31、11.42,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,在排除婚姻状况、文化程度等混杂因素后,BMI、血压、血糖均对血脂异常有影响,其中超重者(OR=2.08,95%CI:1.52~2.86)、肥胖者(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.58~5.24)血脂异常检出风险均高于体重正常者;高血压组(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.45~2.60)、高血糖组(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.27~3.69)血脂异常检出风险分别高于血压、血糖正常组。结论某铀矿周边男性居民血脂异常检出率较高。BMI、饮酒、血压、血糖、铀矿距离对血脂异常或其各指标异常均有影响,其中超重是血脂异常及其各指标异常共同的独立危险因素。不同铀矿距离对男性居民的血脂异常无明显影响。

Objective To analyze the serum lipid levels,and its influencing factors,of male residents around an uranium mine in order to provide a scientific basis for health risk assessment for such residents.Methods With such a mine as the center,the surveyed subjects were divided into four groups as within 5,10,15 and 20 km of this mine,respectively.These male residents living around the mine were randomly selected as subjects.A health questionnaire survey was conducted among the subjects.The indicator such as height,weight and blood pressure were measured by means of the standard method.Peripheral venous blood was extracted from the subjects,and their venous blood glucose and serum lipid were detected.The levels of serum lipid and detectable rates of abnormal serum lipid were analyzed by using univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of dyslipidemia.Results A total of 867 males at age 40 to 69 was included in the vicinity of the mine.The mean levels(±s)of TC,TG,LDL-C,and HDL-C were(5.46±1.11),(1.92±1.64),(3.19±1.02),and(1.39±0.43)mmol/L,respectively.384 subjects with dyslipidemia were totally detected in the residents,and the detection rate was 44.29%(384/867).Of the residents with dyslipidemia,the majority was abnormal in two lipid related indexes(45.57%,175/384).Univariate analysis result showed that there was statistically significant difference in TG level in different distance groups(F=3.34,P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal detection rates of TG and HDL-C in subjects in different distance groups(χ^(2)=9.52,10.18,P<0.05).The detection rates of dyslipidemia were significantly different in the groups of BMI,blood pressure and blood glucose(χ^(2)=45.91,32.31,11.42,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that excluding marital status and degree of education,the BMI,blood pressure and blood glucose all had an impact on dyslipidemia.The residents with overweight(OR=2.08,95%CI:1.52-2.86)and obeseness(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.58-5.24)had a higher risk for dyslipidemia than those with normal weight.The risks for dyslipidemia in the residents with hypertension(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.45-2.60)and hyperglycemia(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.27-3.69)were higher than those with normal blood pressure and blood glucose,respectively.Conclusions The detection rate of dyslipidemia is higher in male residents around the mine.The BMI,alcohol consumption,blood pressure,blood glucose and distance from the mine are influencing dyslipidemia and other relevant indexes.Overweight is an independent risk factor for dyslipidemia and its components.The distances from uranium mine has no significant effect on the dyslipidemia of male residents.