城市研究方法论的历史之维——基于政治经济学批判的视角

The Historical Dimension of Urban Research Methodology——Based on the Perspective of Political Economy Criticism

城市研究与城市发展息息相关,然而城市研究呈现出碎片化现象。在四分五裂的城市学视角下,异化聚焦的消费城市达成了碎片化城市研究的和解。对同质性消费空间的浪漫主义批判不断质疑对城市发展终结的定论。理论的冲突打开了城市研究的前提预设,即抽象个人与抽象社会,它们是抽象劳动的知识论表达。抽象个人与社会的矛盾只是现代货币和社会权力的理论表现形式。因此,城市研究必须深入人类历史自我发展的实体性场域中。虽然思辨辩证法的历史感在一定程度上勾勒了城市史,但是其历史必然性最终被逻辑上的“伊甸园”城市所取代。以实际生活过程与城市生活实情为根基的唯物史观与虚无的主体社会和神秘的观念历史划清了界限。那么,作为感性社会存在的城市,是感性交往活动的空间形态,也是历史的空间折叠。立足于城市史、人类文明史与我国城市化统一的城市自信是对改革开放的空间性确认,也是未来城市化的诸种可能性。

While urban research is closely related to urban development, it is rather fragmented. As such,alienated and focused consumer cities have reached a reconciliation of fragmented urban studies. Romantic critiques of homogeneous spaces of consumption constantly question the conclusion of the end of urban development. The clash of theories opens up the presuppositions of urban studies, namely abstract individuals and abstract societies, which are epistemological expressions of abstract labor. The contradiction between the abstract individual and organization only manifests modern money and social power. Therefore, urban studies must go deep into the substantive field of the self-development of human history. Although the historical sense of speculative dialectics outlines the city’s history to a certain extent, its historical inevitability is eventually replaced by the logical“Eden”city. The materialistic view of history based on the actual life process and the reality of urban life draws a clear line from the nihilistic subject society and mysterious concept of history.Then, the city that exists as a perceptual society is the spatial form of perceptual communication activities, and it is also the spatial folding of history. The urban self-confidence based on the unification of the history of cities, the history of human civilization, and China,s urbanization is a spatial conformation of reform and opening up and various possibilities of future urbanization.