哈尼稻秆中纤维素结构和性质的研究

Study on the Structure and Properties of Cellulose in Hani Rice Straw

哈尼水稻独特的生长环境意味着其生理结构及其化学成分的独特性,赋予其潜在的应用价值,因此充分高值化利用哈尼稻秆资源具有十分重要的现实意义。本研究将哈尼稻杆经烧碱法烧碱法蒸煮加之P段和H段漂白得到了哈尼稻杆纤维素。用SEM、FTIR、WAXD及TG考察了其结晶结构和形貌结构以及热性能。结果表明哈尼稻杆纤维素的聚合度为286;其形貌呈现光滑扁平的带状结构;其结晶结构为纤维素Ⅰ,结晶度为68.48%。哈尼稻秆纤维素的初始分解温度为243.7℃,351.3℃失重达到最大。当用哈尼稻杆纤维素制备成实验室纸页后,其D65亮度为73.91%,抗张指数为45.18 N·m/g,撕裂度为149mN,耐破指数为2.67 kPa·m;/g。这些数据为哈尼稻杆的高值化利用奠定实验基础。

The unique growth environment of Hani rice means the uniqueness of its physiological structure and its chemical composition, which endows it with potential application value. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to fully utilize hani rice straw resources at high value. In this study, Hani rice straw was cooked by caustic soda method and combined with P and H bleaching to obtain Hani rice straw cellulose. SEM, FTIR, WAXD and TG were used to investigate its crystalline structure, morphological structure and thermal properties. The results show that the degree of polymerization of Hani rice straw cellulose is 286;its morphology presents a smooth and flat bend structure;its crystalline structure is cellulose I, with a crystallinity of 68.48%. The initial decomposition temperature of Hani rice straw cellulose is 243.7℃, the weight loss reaches the maximum at 351.3℃. When laboratory sheets are made using Hani rice straw cellulose, the D65 brightness is 73.91%, the tensile index is 45.18 N·m/g, and the tearing resistance is 149 mN, the bursting index is 2.67 kPa·m;/g. These data lay the experimental foundation for the high-value utilization of Hani rice straw.