满足需要与中国特色社会主义政治经济学

Meeting People’s Needs and Socialist Political Economics with Chinese Characteristics

在中国特色社会主义政治经济学的话语体系中,"需要"范畴没有得到应有重视。人们混淆了马克思经济学的"需要"和资产阶级经济学的"需求",误把满足人的需要当成满足市场需求。满足需要与使用价值生产联系在一起,而满足需求则与价值生产联系在一起。一部新中国经济史,是一部人民需要的满足和发展史:经济发展满足人民需要、又带来新的需要,人民需要的变化牵引党不断探索社会主义现代化建设的中国道路。改革开放前,社会主义经济建设主要与公共需要、非物质需要的满足联系在一起,衡量标准主要是使用价值;改革开放后,"需要"以市场"需求"的形式表现出来,价值生产和剩余价值生产成为满足需要的经济手段。而未来中国发展中,美好生活需要决定了社会关系财富和个性财富的生产以及由此带来的新的增长空间,将成为中国特色社会主义政治经济学所独有的内容。

In the discourse system of Socialist Political Economics with Chinese Characteristics,the“needs”do not seem to have received its due recognition.People confuse the“needs”in Marxist economics with the“demand”in bourgeois economics,mistakenly regarding meeting people’s needs as meeting market demands.Meeting needs is associated with the use of value production,while meeting demands is associated with value production.The economic history of new China is a history of meeting and developing the needs of her people:economic development not only meets material needs of Chinese people,but also brings new needs to them;the changed needs lead the Communist Party of China to constantly explore the Chinese road of socialist modernization.Before the reform and opening up,socialist economic construction was mainly related to the satisfaction of public needs and non-material needs,so the measurement standard was mainly the use value.After the reform and opening up,as“need”is expressed in the form of market“demand”,value production and surplus value production have become economic driving means to meet individual material needs.In the future,people’s Good Life needs determine that the production of social relation wealth and personality wealth as well as the new growth space brought by them will become the unique content of socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics.