稳定城市化与收入不平等——基于随迁子女教育改革的准自然实验

Stable Urbanization and Income Inequality:A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Education Reform

本文利用城市面板数据与2016年流动人口监测数据分析了随迁子女积分入学政策对居民收入差距的影响,发现积分入学改革显著缩小了居民人均收入与消费差距,且这一效应具有可持续性,该结论通过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。进一步的机制分析发现,积分入学改革提高了农业转移人口迁移稳定性,也有利于提高随迁女性工作稳定程度与工资收入,这一作用在拥有适龄受教育子女与子女随迁家庭中表现更为突出。本文的发现为地方政府推进渐进式户籍制度改革给予了实证支持,也为缩小居民收入差距提供了重要的政策启示。

Using China Labor-force Dynamic Survey(CLDS)2016 data,this paper analyzes the impact of children’s enrollment points policy on the income gap of residents.The results show that enrollment point reform significantly reduces the per capita income and consumption gap of residents,and the effect is sustainable.This conclusion is robust after a series of robustness tests.Further mechanism analysis finds that the reform improves the stability of the migration of agricultural transfer people,and it also improves the work stability and wage income of migrant female.This effect is more significant in families with school age children.These findings support local governments’gradual promotion of progressive reform of the household registration system,and it also provide important policy implications of narrowing the income gap of residents.