细菌性阴道病肠道菌群与阴道菌群16S rDNA测序分析

16S rDNA sequencing analysis of intestinal flora and vaginal flora in bacterial vaginosis

目的通过对细菌性阴道病(BV)患者肠道菌群及阴道菌群16S rDNA扩增子测序,分析其结构、多样性、相关性以及BV对肠道菌群的影响,为今后治疗BV提供新的思路。方法选取符合纳入标准的BV患者11例(BV组),健康者9例(C组),留存阴道分泌物及新鲜粪便进行16S rDNA基因检测分析。结果 C组阴道菌群以乳杆菌属为主,BV与加德纳菌属、普雷沃菌属、Sneathia、窄食单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、阿托波菌属、Shuttleworthia、巨型球菌属密切相关。BV组肠道、阴道菌群丰富度均高于C组。Alpha多样性分析中C组和BV组肠道菌群、阴道菌群的Shannon指数组间比较,χ;值为29.137,P=0.000<0.05,两组阴道菌群Shannon指数组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),BV组高于C组。物种多样性曲线反映本研究样本测序数据量的合理性,表明BV组的肠道菌群多样性、丰富度均高于C组,主坐标分析表明C组肠道与阴道的菌群结构差距较大,BV组肠道与阴道的菌群结构有相似之处,且两组肠道菌群结构接近。BV组阴道菌群中厚壁菌门丰度较C组低,放线菌门、拟杆菌门较C组高;BV组肠道菌群中拟杆菌门丰度较C组低;C组肠道中拟杆菌门明显高于阴道,厚壁菌门明显低于阴道;BV组阴道菌群中放线菌门丰度高于C组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 BV阴道菌群与肠道菌群具有相关性,BV可能引起肠道菌群结构比例和多样性的改变。

Objective To analyze the structure and diversity of intestinal flora in patients with bacterial vaginosis(BV) and the relevance with BV, and provide new ideas for future treatment. Methods Eleven BV patients(group BV) and 9 healthy individuals(group C) who met the criteria were selected. The specimens of vaginal secretions and fresh feces were collected for 16 S rDNA gene detection and analysis. Results The dominant flora in Group C was Lactobacillus, and BV pathogens were closely related to Gardnerella, Prevotella, Sneathia, Stenotrophomonas, Atopobium, Shuttleworthia and Megacoccus. The abundances of intestinal and vaginal flora in group BV were higher than those in group C respectively. In the Alpha diversity analysis, the comparison of Shannon index of intestinal and vaginal flora between the two groups resulted in an χ;value of 29.137 and P<0.05, and the difference in the Shannon index of vaginal flora between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05), with the value in group BV being higher. The species diversity curve showed that the diversity and richness of intestinal flora in the group BV were higher than those in the group C. The principal co-ordinate analysis showed that the difference in the structure between intestinal and vaginal flora in group C was relatively great, while in group BV the structure of intestinal flora was similar to that of vaginal flora;the structures of intestinal flora in the two groups were similar. Species abundance clustering, relative abundance, and comparison of differences between groups showed that the proportion of Firmicutes in the vaginal flora in group BV was lower, while those of Actinobacteria and Bacteroides were higher than in group C, respectively. The proportion of Bacteroides in intestinal bacteria in group BV was lower than that in group C. The proportion of Bacteroides in the intestine in group C was significantly higher than that in vagina, and that of Firmicutes was significantly lower than that in vagina. The proportion of Actinomycetes in vaginal flora in group BV was higher than that in group C. The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The vaginal flora is related to intestinal flora in BV. BV may cause changes in the proportion and diversity of intestinal flora.