菌酶协同对荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、粪便微生物和养分含量的影响

Effects of Bacteria Enzyme Synergy on Growth Performance,Fecal Microorganism and Nutrient Content of Holstein Dairy Calves

试验旨在研究菌酶协同对荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、粪便微生物和养分含量的影响。选择1月龄荷斯坦犊牛40头,按照随机分配原则分为对照组(基础TMR日粮)、微生物组(基础TMR日粮+复方微生态制剂)、酶组(基础TMR日粮+复方酶制剂)和微生物+酶组(基础TMR日粮+复方微生态制剂+复方酶制剂),每个处理10头犊牛,进行30 d的饲养试验。结果表明:(1)微生物+酶组的试验末重和平均日增重显著高于酶组、微生物组和对照组(P<0.05),而料重比显著低于酶组、微生物组和对照组(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,微生物组、酶组和微生物+酶组的好氧菌和大肠杆菌总数均显著降低(P<0.05),而厌氧乳酸菌数显著升高(P<0.05);微生物组的大肠杆菌总数和厌氧乳酸菌数又显著低于微生物+酶组和酶组(P<0.05)。(3)微生物+酶组鲜粪的粗蛋白(CP)、干粪的有机物(OM)、CP和碳水化合物(TCHO)含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,菌酶协同作用可以降低奶犊牛的料重比,从而提高犊牛生长性能,且菌酶协同优于单独使用微生物制剂或酶制剂。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of bacteria enzyme synergy on the production performance,fecal microorganism and nutrient content of Holstein dairy calves.Forty 1-monthold Holstein calves were randomly divided into four groups:the control group (basic TMR diet),microbial group (basic TMR diet+compound microecological preparation),enzyme group (basic TMR diet+compound enzyme preparation),and microbial+enzyme group (basic TMR diet+compound microecological preparation+compound enzyme preparation),with 10 calves each treatment for a 30 days feeding experiment.The results showed that:(1) the final weight and daily gain of the microbial+enzyme group were significantly higher than those of the enzyme group,microbial group and the control group (P<0.05),while the feed to weight ratio was significantly lower than that of the enzyme group,microbial group and control group (P<0.05).(2) Compared with the control group,the total number of aerobic bacteria and Escherichia coli in the microbial group,enzyme group and the microbial+enzyme group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the number of anaerobic lactic acid bacteria was significantly increased (P<0.05).The total number of Escherichia coli and anaerobic lactic acid bacteria in microbial group were significantly lower than those in the microbial+enzyme group and enzyme group (P<0.05).(3) The contents of crude protein in fresh manure,and the organic matter,crude protein and carbohydrate in dry manure in the microbial+enzyme group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).In conclusion,the synergistic effect of bacteria and enzymes could reduce the feed to weight ratio of dairy calves,improve the feed utilization rate and the production performance of calves,the effect of bacteria enzyme synergy on the fecal nutrient content and microorganism was better than that of using microbial preparation or enzyme preparation alone.