从知识权力视角看交叉学科的诞生——以物理化学学科为例

A Power-knowledge Analysis of the Emergence of an Interdisciplinary Field: A Case Study of the History of Physical Chemistry

本文以劳斯的知识权力观为理论基础,对物理化学学科的诞生及早期发展进行分析,探索交叉学科形成过程中科学知识与权力的关系。通过分析发现,在交叉学科诞生过程中,知识与权力相互交织;每个知识过程都发生在实践的权力网络中。这种权力网络虽然在一定程度上限制了交叉学科的诞生,却又与新的知识相互作用并使其自身得以发展。而对于交叉学科的发展而言,一方面需要尽可能多地与原来的知识网络建立联系,另一方面可能也需要相关研究进一步促进我们对交叉学科的理解。

Based on Rouse’s interpretation of knowledge and power, this paper attempts to explore the relationship between knowledge and power in the early stage of the emergence of physical chemistry, which has analyzed early developments of an interdisciplinary field from the perspective of knowledge-power. It is found that knowledge and power are interwoven with each other in the emergence of interdisciplinary fields, and all the knowledge processes occur in the network of power. The power network restricts these processes to some extent, but it also interacts with new knowledge to extend itself. According to the study, to support the development of an interdisciplinary field, on the one hand, we need to establish as many connections as possible between the interdisciplinary field and the existing knowledge-power networks;on the other hand, we need to further research developments of interdisciplinary fields and enhance our understanding of interdisciplinarity.