粤东三所公办高职院校学生健康素养现状及影响因素

Status Quo and Infl uencing Factors of Students'Health Literacy in Three Public Higher Vocational Colleges in Eastern Guangdong

为了解粤东三所公办高职院校学生健康素养水平并探讨其影响因素,设计《大学生健康素养调查问卷》,共8808人参与问卷调查。结果显示学生健康素养总得分46.45±14.65,具备率为16.94%。各年级健康素养具备率分别为16.43%、17.52%和18.13%,差异显著(p<0.01)。不同性别、年级、民族和健康状况的学生在三个维度上差异显著(p<0.01)。不同年级学生在传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救知识和基本医疗四类健康问题上差异显著(均p<0.05)。学校教育对健康素养具有提升作用,但年级之间存在不均衡现象。学校通过加强健康素养通识教育,有的放矢树立正确健康观,营造“健康第一”校园文化氛围,进而提高全体学生的健康素养水平。

In order to understand the health literacy level of college students in three public higher vocational colleges in eastern Guangdong and to explore its infl uencing factors,a questionnaire on health literacy among college students was designed and a total of 8808 people participated in the questionnaire.The results showed that the total health literacy score of students was 46.45±14.65,and the possession rate was 16.94%.The health literacy rates of each grade were 16.43%,17.52%and 18.13%,respectively,with signifi cant differences(p<0.01).The differences were signifi cant(p<0.01)across gender,grade,ethnicity,and health status students in these 3 dimensions.Students differed signifi cantly(all p<0.05)by grade level in 4 categories of health issues:infectious disease prevention and control,chronic disease prevention and control,safety and fi rst aid knowledge,and basic medical literacy.School education has an enhancing effect on health literacy,but there is an imbalance among college grades.By strengthening general education on health literacy,schools focus on establishing correct health concepts and creating a"health fi rst"campus culture,thus improving the health literacy level of all students.