计算思维在法律领域的功能与作用

The Function and Effect of Computational Thinking in the Field of Law

源于计算机科学的计算思维理论正对各学科和社会实践产生广泛影响。计算思维是数学思维和工程思维等多种思维方法的融合,其核心特征是“抽象”和“自动有效执行”。在法律领域,计算思维的功能体现为对待解法律问题进行恰当抽象,并使解决方案能够由执法主体(人、机器或者人机组合)通过恰当的程序自动得以执行,即提高立法的科学性,保障法律的有效执行。在立法过程中,抽象的层次如何选择是影响立法科学性的关键,合理的程序机制可使法律“自动有效执行”。在执法实践中,通过恰当抽象寻找等价关系,可以把复杂、难解的问题转化为相对容易解决的问题。计算思维堪称计算法学皇冠上被忽视的“明珠”,在法律领域的功能与作用尚未被法学界充分认识和挖掘,其价值有待进一步探索。

The theory of computational thinking derived from computer science has a wide influence on various disciplines and social practice. Computational thinking is the integration of various thinking methods, such as mathematical thinking and engineering thinking,and its core features are “abstract” and “automatic and effective execution”. In the field of law, the function of computational thinking is reflected in properly abstract legal problems, and the solution can be automatically implemented by law enforcement subjects including person, machine or man-machine combination through appropriate procedures, that is, to improve the scientific nature of legislation and ensure the effective implementation of law. In the process of legislation, how to choose the abstract level is the key to affect the scientific nature of legislation, and a reasonable procedural mechanism can make the law automatically and effectively implemented. In the practice of law enforcement, finding the equivalence relationship through the appropriate abstractions can transform the complex and difficult problems into relatively easy problems to solve. Computational thinking can be called the neglected “pearl” on the crown of computational law. Its function and role in the legal field have not been fully recognized and explored by the legal circle, and its value needs to be further explored.