播期密度互作对红小豆产量及农艺性状的影响

Effects of Sowing Date and Planting Density on Yield and Agronomic Traits in Adzuki Bean

为探讨晋西生态区连作地春播红小豆栽培技术,以红小豆新品种汾小豆2号为材料,采用3个播期(主区)和5个密度(副区)的二因素裂区试验设计,研究不同播期和密度对连作红小豆产量及农艺性状的影响。结果表明,在同一播期下随播种密度的增加,红小豆株高呈增加趋势,而茎粗、主茎分枝、主茎节数均呈减少趋势,荚长和荚宽变化不大且没有规律。随着播期推迟,红小豆株高、茎粗、主茎分枝、主茎节数和荚长均以5月29日播期处理最高。相同播期下,随着密度增加红小豆产量构成因素除5月14日播种处理的百粒重外,其余产量构成因素均呈降低趋势。红小豆单株荚数、荚粒数、单株产量、百粒重均以5月29日播种的处理最高,且单株荚数、荚粒数和单株产量均显著高于其他2个播期处理。各作用因子对群体产量的影响大小顺序为播期×密度(F=2.304)>播期(F=0.93)>密度(F=0.51)。利用播期X;、密度X;与产量Y的回归方程:Y=16 575.6X;-74.9X;-1 504.1X;-1.6X;+26.4X;X;-45 229.6 (R;=0.766 5),得出连作最佳播期、密度组合,即播期为5月19日、种植密度为14.3万株/hm;时,红小豆产量最高,为1 362.52 kg/hm;。

To achieve a high yield of adzuki bean,a field split-plot design with sowing date(T1:14;May, T2:29;May,T3:13;June) as the main plot and density(×10;plants/hm;)(D1: 12.0, D2: 16.5,D3: 21.0,D4: 25.5 and D5: 30.0) as the subplot,a new erect variety Fenxiaodou 2(B4795×Niaodan 3)was used to explore the effects of sowing date and planting density on yield and agronomic characters. The results showed that under the same sowing date,plant height of adzuki beans showed an increasing trend with the increase of sowing density. Decreasing trend was observed in the stem thickness,main stem branches,and the number of main stem nodes. Pod length and pod width vary little and irregularly. With delay in sowing date,plant height,stem thickness,main stem branching,main stem node numbers,and pod length of adzuki beans were the highest under the treatment of sowing date on May 29. Under the same sowing date,the yield components of adzuki bean showed a decreasing trend with the increase of density,except the 100-grain weight of sowing date(14 May). The number of pods per plant,pods per seed,yield per plant,100-seed weight and biomass per plant were the highest in the treatment of May 29,and the number of pods per plant,pods per seed and yield per plant were significantly higher than those in the other two sowing dates. The influence factor of yield was sequenced as sowing date-×density(F=2.304) > sowing date(F=0.93) > the planting density(F=0.51). A regression equation with the sowing date(X;),the planting density(X;)and yield(Y):Y=16 575.6 X;-74.9 X;-1 504.1 X;-1.6 X;+26.4 X1 X2-45 229.6(R;=0.766 5),the optimal sowing date and density combination of continuous cropping was obtained. In May 19 and the planting density 143 000 plants/hm;,the yield of adzuki bean was the highest,which was 1 362.52 kg/hm;.