FocusGEO望远镜观测地球同步轨道目标的光度特性分类

GEOS Photometric Signature Classifications Based on Observations of Focus GEO Telescopes

基于FocusGEO望远镜2017年12月至2019年6月的测光观测数据,开展台站上空地球同步轨道(GEO)目标光度曲线的分类研究。通过对GEO卫星光度曲线特征的统计分析,建立了一种全新的GEO卫星分类系统,确定了各类GEO卫星光度曲线的占比,分析了光度特征类别与卫星平台的相关性。本研究将197颗GEO卫星的光度曲线分为六类,其中约90%的卫星可归为三类:典型类、BSS类和Ekspress类。光度特征分类与卫星平台无直接的相关性,但同一类别中平台相同或相近的卫星,具有相似的光度曲线。该分类系统可为位置相近的多个GEO目标的准确识别提供辅助手段,为目标异常监测和物理特性研究提供依据,对空间态势感知具有重要意义。

Ground-based optical-electrical observation is the main approach to obtain the Geostationary Earth Orbit(GEO) targets’ optical characteristics. Light curve classification was studied based on the photometry observations of FocusGEO telescope at Lijiang Station from December 2017 to June 2019. A new classification system was introduced based on the statistical analysis of GEO satellite light curve features. Moreover, the correlation between light curve classification and satellites’ bus type was analyzed. Results show that photometric signatures of 197 GEO satellites can be classified into six classes and each class can be qualitatively explained by the actual satellite structure. Approximately 90%of these satellites appear to belong to three of six different classes. However, light curve classification has no significant correlation to satellites’ bus types, but for the satellites with the same or similar bus types in each class, the light curves resemble each other. The classification system can aid to identify cluster GEO targets and provide the basis for anomaly detection and physical characteristics research, which is of great significance for space situational awareness.