黄病毒科和冠状病毒科病毒侵染中的外泌体研究进展

Progress on Exosome During Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae Infection

外泌体是一种在细胞间信息传递和物质运输中起重要作用的细胞外囊泡,它携带来源于宿主细胞的蛋白质、脂质和RNA等物质,并对受体细胞的生理状态产生重要影响。黄病毒科病毒如丙型肝炎病毒和冠状病毒科病毒如新型冠状病毒导致的疾病严重威胁人类健康,深入了解黄病毒科和冠状病毒科病毒与宿主的相互作用,对于筛选治疗的细胞靶点以及外泌体疫苗的研究具有重要意义。外泌体在黄病毒科和冠状病毒科病毒感染过程中扮演着非常重要的角色,越来越多的研究表明,外泌体的蛋白质和RNA具有抗病毒效应,病毒可以通过劫持外泌体介导的细胞通讯来损害宿主及促进病毒传播。本文旨在通过总结黄病毒科和冠状病毒科病毒与外泌体相互作用的研究进展,为RNA病毒感染机制及抗病毒研究提供参考。

Exosome is one of the extracellular vesicles, which plays an important role in intercellular communication and material transportation. Its content includes proteins, lipids, RNAs and other substances from host cells, and has an important influence on the physiological state of recipient cells. Flaviviridae including hepatitis C virus and Coronaviridae including SARS-CoV-2 are pathogens causing a variety of human infectious diseases. Understanding the interaction between virus and host is of great significance for screening therapeutic cellular targets and developing exosome-based vaccines. Accumulating studies have shown that exosomal protein and RNA play inhibitory roles for viruses. Moreover, Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae could hijack exosomemediated cellular communication to harm the hosts and promote virus spread. In current review, we summarized the recent progress on the interaction between Flaviviridae/Coronaviridae and exosome, shedding the mechanistic insights into Flaviviridae/Coronaviridae induced exosome.