正确认识把握我国碳达峰碳中和的系统谋划和总体部署——新发展阶段党中央双碳相关精神及思路的阐释

Understanding and Grasping the Systematic Planning and Overall Deployment of China’s Carbon Peak and Neutralization Goals: The Interpretation of the Party Central Committee’s Statement and Thoughts on the "Double Carbon Goals" in the New Development Stage

本文通过梳理和解读2020年9月我国正式提出碳达峰碳中和目标以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央围绕双碳工作所作的科学指导、系统谋划及战略部署,试图阐释新发展阶段党和国家对绿色转型低碳发展面临的新的重大理论及实践问题的深邃思考与科学判断。为此,本文首先归纳总结了自双碳目标提出至今我国对国际社会的承诺,以及以中央财经委员会第九次会议、党的十九届六中全会、2021年底中央经济工作会议、中共中央政治局第三十六次集体学习等为代表的重要会议所提出的双碳领域战略方向、主要关系、重要工作及任务等。接着,本文从高质量发展内涵、人与自然和谐发展要求、构建人类命运共同体的大国责任等视角,论述了我国努力推进碳达峰碳中和的紧迫性和必要性,分析了基于我国基本国情实现双碳的严峻挑战。在此基础上,以党中央精神和指示为主要依据,提出贯彻低碳发展理念、推动经济社会全面绿色转型的解决方案。一是树立理念,将碳达峰碳中和纳入经济社会发展总体战略,在产业结构、生产方式、生活方式、空间格局、治理体系等各领域做好坚定不移、稳中求进、"打持久战"的准备。二是构建机制,加速推进统筹协调的系统改革推进机制、先破后立的能源结构转型机制、包容的新型"双控"机制、政府与市场结合的激励约束机制,为实现双碳目标提供机制体制保障。三是采取行动,深入落实中央六大部署,加强统筹协调、推动能源革命、推进产业优化升级、加快绿色低碳科技革命、完善绿色低碳政策体系、积极参与和引领全球气候治理,从而发挥我国制度及资源优势、拓展技术潜力、激活市场活力。四是明确路径,通过不断强化动态目标约束,明确多层次责任主体,融合国家重大区域战略,稳妥有序地推进碳达峰碳中和。

This article attempts to explore the Party’s profound thinking and scientific judgment on the new major theoretical and practical problems faced by China’s green transition and low-carbon development in the new stage of development, by summarizing the scientific guidance, systematic planning and strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core since China officially proposed the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization goal in September 2020. First of all, this article reviews China’s commitment to the international community since the "double carbon goals" were proposed, as well as the strategic direction, main relationships, and important tasks in the "double carbon goals" field proposed by important meetings such as the 9 th meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Committee, the 6 th Plenary Session of the 19 th CPC Central Committee, the Central Economic Work Conference at the end of 2021, and thirty-sixth collective learning of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Next, based on the connotation of high-quality development, the requirements for harmonious development between man and nature, and the responsibility of a major country to build a community with a shared future for mankind, this article emphasizes the urgency and necessity of China’s efforts to promote carbon peak and neutrality, and analyzes the serious challenges of low-carbon reforming. On the basis of the statements and instructions of the CPC Central Committee, this article proposes solutions to implement the concept of low-carbon development and promote a comprehensive green transformation of the economy and society. 1) Ideology building: incorporating carbon peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall strategy of economic and social development, and getting prepared for "fighting a protracted battle" in various fields such as industrial structure, production modes, ways of living, spatial patterns and governance systems. 2) Institutions establishment: accelerating the coordinated and systematic reform enforcement mechanism, the "construction before destruction" energy structure transformation mechanism, the inclusive new "double control" mechanism, and the incentive and restraint mechanism that combines the government and the market, in order to provide institutional guarantees for the realization of the double carbon goals. 3) Action taking: deeply implementing the six major deployments of the central government, strengthening overall coordination, promoting the energy revolution, promoting industrial optimization and upgrading, accelerating the green and low-carbon technological revolution, improving the green and low-carbon policy system, and actively participating in and leading the global climate governance. And therefore China’s advantages in resources and institutions, as well as technical potential and market vitality will be activated. 4) Path clarification: continuously strengthening dynamic target constraints, clarifying multi-level responsible subjects, integrating national major regional strategies into the blueprint carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.