储层孔隙的“渗流”分类方案及其意义

“Seepage” classification scheme of reservoir pores and its significance

储层孔隙分类方案较多,具有代表性的分类是从成因、产状、组合关系、孔径大小、连通性等角度进行的分类。这些分类方案均属"静态"分类,不能满足储层流体渗流"动态"特性的分类要求。为此,在储层不同尺度孔隙渗流能力、渗流特性和渗流状态分析的基础上,提出了一种与储层流体渗流"动态"特性相适应的储层孔隙的"渗流"分类方案。该方案划分出5种具有"包容性"的"渗流"孔隙类型(总孔隙、连通孔隙、有效连通孔隙、流动孔隙和充注孔隙),涵盖了储层流体渗流的5种空间类型(赋存、传质、理论渗流、生产渗流和成藏渗流空间)和3种渗流状态(理论、生产和成藏渗流)。该分类方案可有效解决原有分类方案中"静态"孔隙和"渗流"孔隙度不匹配的问题,从而建立了与"渗流"动态特性相适应的"渗流"孔隙度分类体系,有助于消除不同学者对"渗流"孔隙度、尤其是有效孔隙度认识的分歧,对推动"渗流"孔隙度针对性测试技术的发展和规范化应用具有一定推动作用,对储层流体渗流理论的深入研究具有一定指导意义。

There are several reservoir pore classification schemes, typically from the perspectives of genesis, occurrence, combination relationship, pore size and connectivity. These schemes are “static” classification and cannot meet the requirement of “dynamic” characteristics of reservoir seepage. To this end, based on analyses of pore seepage capacity, seepage characteristics and seepage state of different scales of reservoirs, a “seepage” classification scheme for reservoir pores that is adaptable for “dynamics” of reservoir seepage is proposed. This scheme divides into 5 types of “inclusive” “seepage” pores(total pores, connected pores, effective connected pores, flow pores and filling pores), covering 5 types of space for reservoir seepage(occurrence space, mass transfer space, theoretical seepage space, production seepage space and accumulation seepage space) and 3 types of seepage states(theoretical seepage, production seepage and accumulation seepage). This classification scheme can effectively solve the problem of mismatch between “static” pore and “seepage” porosity in original classification schemes, thereby establish “seepage” porosity system adaptable for “seepage” dynamics. It is helpful to eliminate differences among different scholars on the understanding of “seepage” porosity, especially effective porosity, promote development and standardized application of “seepage” porosity targeted testing technology, and has guiding significance for further study on reservoir fluid seepage theory.