换热器管板筒体角焊缝的相控阵超声检测

Phased array ultrasonic testing of heat exchanger tube-shell fillet weld

利用常规相控阵和全聚焦相控阵成像技术对换热器管板筒体角焊缝人工试块中的气孔、夹渣、未熔合、未焊透、裂纹等缺陷进行了检测。首先介绍了管板筒体角焊缝检测的基本情况以及相控阵技术的基本原理,其次设计制作了含上述缺陷的人工试块,最后对人工试块进行检测,比较了常规相控阵技术和全聚焦技术对上述5种缺陷的检测能力。结果表明,相比常规相控阵超声技术,全聚焦技术具有更高的缺陷检出率和检测分辨率,对缺陷的定位和定量检测误差更小,可应用于工程实践。

The typical defects of air hole, slag, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration and crack in tube-shell fillet weld were studied in this paper. Firstly, the basic information of the fillet weld joint and the basic principles of phased array technique were introduced. Secondly, artificial test blocks containing the above defects were designed and manufactured. In addition, the artificial test blocks were tested, and the detection ability of conventional phased array technique and full focus technique for the above five defects was compared. The testing results show that the fully focus technique has a higher defect detection rate and detection resolution. The defect positioning and quantitative error is smaller compare to the conventional phased array technique, indicating that the fully focus technique can be applied in engineering.