《巴黎协定》下我国碳市场机制的发展桎梏与纾困路径

The development of China’s carbon market mechanism under the Paris climate system: challenges and responses

《巴黎协定》开启了碳市场参与缔约方一段新的征程与竞争,其对所有国家通过国家自主贡献进行减排的要求,为市场合作提供的框架安排,以及以透明度和全球盘点作为提高减排目标水平的激励手段,使缔约方致力于以不同于京都时期的碳交易方式应对气候变化。在初见端倪的未来碳市场的国际格局之下,立足中国全国碳市场构建,审视全球碳市场新变化带来的挑战,是为未雨绸缪之良策。我国应以制度建设积极迎接在碳市场机制交易定价、资金支持、国际对接和遵约问责领域面临的不同外部环境挑战,制定碳价格稳定规则与资金保障规则,完善国际碳市场链接与问责监管规则,避免我国统一碳市场机制在国际激烈竞争中落入末位陷阱。

The Paris climate system has opened a new journey and competition for parties involved in the carbon market.It requires all countries to reduce emissions through national independent contributions,provides framework arrangements for market cooperation,and takes transparency and global inventory as incentives to improve the level of emission reduction targets,which enable parties to commit themselves to addressing climate change in a way different from carbon trading in the Kyoto period. Under the emerging international pattern of the future carbon market,and based on the construction of China’s national carbon market,it is a good policy to look at the challenges brought by the new changes in the global carbon market. China should actively meet the different external environmental challenges in the fields of carbon market mechanism transaction pricing,financial support,international docking and compliance accountability,formulate carbon price stability rules and financial guarantee rules,improve the international carbon market link and accountability supervision rules,and avoid China’s unified carbon market mechanism falling into the last trap in the fierce international competition.