奶牛乳腺炎细胞模型的建立及中药治疗作用机制研究进展

Research progress in the establishment of bovine mastitis cell model and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatment

奶牛乳腺炎是奶牛最常见的疾病之一,可造成奶产量和质量下降,给奶牛养殖业造成巨大的经济损失。目前,对奶牛乳腺炎的治疗以抗生素为主,但由于抗生素的滥用,造成病原菌耐药及药物残留,给奶牛乳腺炎防控及公共卫生安全造成威胁。由于中药具有低毒、低残留、细菌不易产生耐药性及治疗效果明确等特点,近年来成为众多国内外学者研究的方向,尤其是以牛乳腺上皮细胞(bMEC)为模型开展的中药作用机制及作用靶点的研究已成为热点。文章对牛乳腺上皮细胞培养特性、乳腺炎炎症模型的建立、中药在干预细胞模型及作用靶点方面的最新进展、未来研究前景等方面进行了综述,以期为进一步深入研究中药治疗奶牛乳腺炎作用机制及筛选优良的中药方剂提供参考。

Bovine mastitis is one of the most common diseases of dairy cows,which can cause the decline of milk yield and quality,and cause huge economic losses to dairy farming industry as well. At present,the treatment of bovine mastitis is mainly by antibiotics. However,due to the abuse of antibiotics,pathogenic bacteria resistance and drug residues have been triggered,which poses a threat to the prevention and control of bovine mastitis and public health safety. In recent years,traditional Chinese medicine has become the research orientation of many scholars at home and abroad,especially the research on the mechanism and target of traditional Chinese medicine based on bovine mammary epithelial cells( BMEC). This paper reviews the culture characteristics of bovine mammary epithelial cells,the establishment of mastitis inflammation model,the latest progress of traditional Chinese medicine in intervening cell model and action target,and the future research prospect,to provide reference for further studying the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cow mastitis and screening excellent traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.