身体健康、学业表现与偏差行为:中国农村留守与非留守儿童比较研究

Physical Health,School Performance and Delinquency:A Comparative Study of Left-behind and Non-left-behind Children in Rural China

自20世纪70年代后期以来,中国经济飞速发展,导致大量人口从农村迁移到城市。成千上万的中国儿童留守在家里,他们的父母则前往城市工作。通过对留守儿童和非留守儿童的对比分析,我们发现留守儿童身体健康状况较非留守儿童差,但两组在学业表现和偏差行为方面没有差异。学校和社区依恋通常表现为与同伴参与互动的形式,与青少年身体健康成正比关系,而对学校满意度则与学业表现和偏差行为密切相关。与社会机构依恋关系对留守儿童比对非留守儿童更重要,尤其是在身体健康和偏差行为方面。另外,与非留守儿童相比,男性和中学生身份的留守儿童的学业表现较同龄人差。

China’s rapid economic development since the late 1970s has resulted in a large-scale migrant population from rural to urban areas,with millions of Chinese children being left behind at home by their parents who migrated to city for work.Through the comparative analysis of left-behind children and non-left-behind children,study found that the physical health status of left-behind children was worse than that of non-left behind-children,but there was no difference in academic performance and delinquency between two groups.School and community attachment usually takes the form of participation and interaction with peers,which is directly proportional to teenagers’physical health,while school satisfaction is closely related to academic performance and delinquency.Attachment to social institutions is more important for left-behind children than non-left-behind children,especially in physical health and delinquency.In addition,compared with non-left-behind children,the academic performance of left-behind children with the status of male and middle school students is worse than that of their peers.