网络犯罪刑事管辖权冲突之应对

Countermeasures on the Conflict of Criminal Jurisdiction of Cybercrime

由于网络犯罪超越了传统的法律区域界限,虚拟的网络空间无法参照传统犯罪地的实体空间概念进行衡量。网络空间具有虚拟性以及影响的现实性特点,其对传统的管辖权和国家主权概念产生巨大挑战,使各主权国家所主张的刑事管辖权出现矛盾与冲突。可以根据网络空间的虚拟性以及跨地域性的特点,以"实害关联性"的属地管辖原则作为对网络犯罪管辖权进行主张的依据。应进一步对管辖权进行缩限,在尊重国家主权的基础上,坚持实际控制优先,以诉讼便利为主导,同时为加强国际刑事司法合作,可以补充修订《网络犯罪公约》,最大限度地保障受侵害国家及其国民的根本利益。

As cybercrime transcends the traditional legal regional boundaries,virtual cyberspace cannot be measured with reference to the physical space concept of traditional crime locations.The virtuality of cyberspace and the reality of its influence pose a huge challenge to the traditional concept of jurisdiction and national sovereignty.Contradictions and conflicts arise among the criminal jurisdictions claimed by sovereign states.According to the virtuality and cross-regional features of cyberspace,the territorial jurisdiction principle under the " relevance of actual harm" is used as the basis for claiming cybercrime jurisdiction,so the jurisdiction will be further narrowed.On the basis of respecting national sovereignty,it insists on giving priority to actual control,focusing on the convenience of litigation.Meanwhile,it supplements and revises theCybercrime Conventionto strengthen international criminal justice cooperation,so as to maximize the protection of the victimized country,as well as the fundamental interests of its citizens.