孙冶方价值理论的核心命题、理论根据及其评析

The Core Proposition,Theoretical Basis and Evaluation of Sun Yefang's Value Theory

孙冶方在以恩格斯《国民经济学批判大纲》和《反杜林论》中的价值思想为根据建构价值理论的同时,在某些层面误读或者过度解读了恩格斯。《国民经济学批判大纲》中所阐述的“价值是生产费用对效用的关系”并非是价值范畴的定义,而是有其特定理论指向和一定历史局限性;《反杜林论》中论述价值时补充的脚注也并非对《国民经济学批判大纲》“价值定义”的认同。价值本质上是价值实体、价值量和价值形式三者的有机统一。资本主义条件下交换价值就是价值形式,绝不能将价值仅仅理解为交换价值。剔除价值形式的价值实体并不存在,未来社会不会只抛弃价值形式而单纯保留价值实体。

While constructing the value theory based on the value thought in Engels'Outlines of a Critique of National Economy and Anti-Dühring,Sun Yefang misread or over interpreted Engels at some levels."Value is the relation of production costs to utility."stated in Outlines of a Critique of National Economy is not the definition of value category,but has its specific theoretical direction and certain historical limitations;The footnotes added to the discussion of value in Anti-Dühring are not the recognition of the"definition of value"in the Outlines of a Critique of National Economy.Value is essentially the organic unity of the substance of value,the magnitude of value and the form of value.Under the condition of capitalism,exchange value is the form of value.We must not only understand value as exchange value.The substance of value excluding the form of value does not exist,and the future society will not just abandon the form of value and simply retain the substance of value.