基于螺杆式家用电梯的磁悬浮导轨系统设计

Design of Magnetic Levitation Guide Rail System Based on Screw Household Elevator

高端住宅安装家用电梯已成趋势,但家用电梯存在安装条件苛刻、电梯运行噪声大、井道油污染重、安全隐患严重等现象。文章将传统螺杆式家用电梯中摩擦式导轨改为磁悬浮导轨,大大降低了电梯运行的噪声:首先运用SolidWorks软件建立磁悬浮导轨电梯的三维模型,分析不同情况下轿厢平衡的受力状况;然后设计了PID控制器,持续检测磁极与导轨面的间隙,以调节电磁铁中线圈电流大小,即调节电磁力大小,从而实现电梯运行过程中平台的平衡;最后运用Matlab Simulink仿真寻求磁悬浮控制系统最优参数,使电梯在运行过程中始终处于平衡状态且波动较小,以提高家用电梯在运行中的舒适感。

It has become a trend to install household elevators in high-end residences,but there are phenomena such as critical installation conditions,loud elevator operation noise,heavy shaft oil pollution,and serious safety hazards.The magnetic levitation guide rails replace the friction guide rails of traditional screw household elevators,which will greatly reduce the noise during elevator operations.Firstly,a three-dimensional model of the elevator with magnetic levitation guide rails is established by using SolidWorks to analyze the force status of the car balance under different conditions;then a PID controller is designed to continuously detect the gap between the magnetic pole and the guide rail surface to adjust the coil current in the electromagnet,that is,to adjust the electromagnetic force,so as to achieve the balance of the platform during the elevator operation;finally,Matlab Simulink is used to simulate the optimal parameters of the magnetic levitation control system,so that the elevator is always in a balanced state with small fluctuation during the elevator operation,which will improve the comfort of the household elevator in operation.