高职护生对精神疾病态度及其相关性因素的调查研究

Investigation and Study on the Attitude of Higher Vocational College Nursing Students toward Mental Illness and Its Related Factors

目的调查高职二年级护生对精神疾病的态度,并对其影响因素进行相关性研究。方法便利抽样选取我院2019级护生共304人,采用中文版临床医生对精神疾病态度量表(医学生版)(MICA-MS)进行问卷调查,了解其对精神疾病态度,并对相关性因素进行分析。结果调查对象中,MICA-MS总均分为44.46±7.20分,平均得分大于3.0分的条目有7项,整体提示高职护生对精神疾病态度消极;男生得分明显高于女生;农民家庭出生的护生得分最高,自由职业和工人家庭其次,知识分子和干部家庭出生的护生得分最低;亲属中没有患精神疾病情况的护生得分明显高于有患病亲属者;同时,没有与精神病患者频繁接触或无共同生活史的护生得分明显高于有与精神病患者频繁接触或共同生活史者,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论高职二年级护生对精神疾病态度较消极,护理教育者应引起重视,应根据学生的实际情况因材施教,建议有针对性地选用恰当的教学方法和策略,增加护生对精神疾病患者的同理心,改变其消极态度,提高其职业素养。

Objective To investigate the attitude of Nursing students in higher vocational colleges toward mental illness and study on its related factors.Methods A total of 304 nursing students of Class of 2019 in our college were selected by convenience sampling.The Chinese version of MICA-MS(Mental Illness:Clinician’s Atti⁃tudes Scale-Medical Students’Version)was used to investigate the attitude of nursing students toward mental ill⁃ness,and the related factors were analyzed.Results The total average score of MICA-MS was 44.46±7.20,and there were 7 items whose average score was more than 3.0,which suggested that nursing students had negative attitude towards mental illness.The score of male nursing students was significantly higher than that of female ones.The score of nursing students born in peasant families was the highest,while the scores of them who were born in the families of intellectuals and cadres were the lowest.The score of nursing students'relatives without mental illness was significantly higher than those with mental illness.Whilst the score of nursing students who had no frequent contact or had no history of living with psychiatric patients was significantly higher than that of those who had this situation(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing educators should pay attention to the negative atti⁃tude of the second-year vocational nursing students towards mental illness.Nursing educators may try to teach students in accordance with their aptitude according to their actual situation,and propose to select appropriate teaching methods and strategies to increase the empathy of nursing students towards patients with mental illness,change the students’negative attitude,and improve their professional quality.