公路设施建设对森林资源经营质量的影响

Influence of Highway Facilities Construction on Forest Resource Management Quality

基于中国30个省份1993—2018年的面板数据,利用面板数据模型评估公路设施建设对地区森林资源经营质量的影响效应。结果表明:公路设施建设对地区森林资源经营质量提升具有显著促进作用,能够显著促进地区森林单位面积蓄积量和人工林单位面积蓄积量的增长;公路设施建设可通过促进农村劳动力非农就业、林业第二产业和服务业的发展,从而促进森林单位面积蓄积量增长;高速公路建设、一级公路建设和农村公路建设均能显著改善森林资源经营质量,其中农村公路建设的正面效应最为稳定。基于此,各级政府应继续推进和优化公路设施建设规划,加快消除限制农村劳动力转移的障碍,加大招商引资、优化扶持政策,促进林业第二产业和服务业发展。

⑴Background——China's highway facilities construction continue to be improved.However,there is little literature to evaluate the impact of highway facilities construction on regional forest resource management quality,which cannot provide effective decision-making reference for the formulation of forest quality improvement strategies.⑵Methods——Based on the balanced panel data of 30 provinces and cities from 1993 to 2018,the panel data model was used to evaluate the impact of highway facilities construction on the quality of regional forest resources management.At the same time,we examine whether the highway facilities construction has an indirect impact through the three mediating variables of non-agricultural employment opportunities,the development of forestry secondary industry and the development of forestry service industry.⑶Results——First,the coefficients of highway facilities construction on forest unit area accumulation and plantation unit area accumulation are 8.057 and 10.795,respectively,indicating that highway facilities construction has a significant positive effect on the improvement of regional forest resource management quality,which means that highway facilities construction can significantly improve the regional forest resource management quality.Secondly,the construction of highway facilities improves the growth of forest unit area accumulation by promoting the non-agricultural employment of rural labor force,the development of forestry secondary industry and service industry,and the indirect influence coefficients are 81.921,7.918 and 165.634,respectively.However,there is no indirect impact on the plantation unit area accumulation by promoting the non-agricultural employment of rural labor force,the development of forestry secondary industry and tertiary industry.Third,rural highway construction can significantly promote the growth of forest unit area accumulation(165.634)and plantation unit area accumulation(211.610).Primary highway construction can significantly promote the growth of forest unit area accumulation(7.918)and plantation unit area accumulation(10.958).Highway construction can only significantly increase forest unit area accumulation(81.921).⑷Conclusions and Discussions——The construction of highway facilities has a significant promotion on the improvement of regional forest resource management quality.The construction of highway facilities promotes the growth of forest unit area accumulation by promoting the non-agricultural employment of rural labor force,the development of forestry second and service industry.Rural highway construction has a positive impact on forest unit area accumulation and plantation unit area accumulation.However,highway construction only has a positive impact on forest unit area accumulation,and primary highway construction only has a positive impact on forest unit area accumulation and plantation unit area accumulation.Based on the research results and conclusions,the following recommendations are proposed:First,the central and local governments are expected to improve traffic infrastructure conditions and take it as an important public policy that supports important forestry development,continuing to increase the density of highways,primary and rural roads.Second,the governments at all levels are supposed to accelerate the elimination of obstacles to restricted rural labor transfer and ensure the free transfer of rural surplus labor.At the same time,they should continue to improve the forest land transfer system and facilitate the transfer process.They also can encourage and promote the transfer of rural idle forest land,and try to avoid the situation of forest land abandonment or poor tending.Third,local governments are required to correctly address the relationship between forest protection and economic development,optimize timber industry support policies,promote the reform of“delegating power,improving regulation,and upgrading service”related to the wood industry,create a good industrial development environment,and promote the development of the second and tertiary industries of regional forestry.