草鱼-鳙-鲫零换水养殖对池塘环境影响

Study on environment of zero-water exchange culture pond of Ctenopharyngodon idella,Hypothalmichthys nobilis and Carassius auratus

为深入了解草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)-鳙(Hypothalmichthys nobilis)-鲫(Carassius auratus)零换水池塘运行情况,比较其与常规养殖池塘的理化因子差异,进而探索其零换水机制,本研究以草鱼-鳙-鲫零换水养殖池塘为实验组,草鱼-鳙-鲫普通养殖池塘为对照组,进行了为期2年的室外池塘养殖试验。养殖期间不同时间段内分别对养殖水体水温(T)、电导率(C)、总溶解性固体(TDS)、pH、溶解氧(DO)、透明度(SD)、叶绿素(Chla)、亚硝态氮(NO_(2)-N)、硝态氮(NO_(3)-N)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、磷酸盐(PO_(4)^(3)-P)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机碳(TOC)含量以及养殖池塘底泥的TN、TP、TOC含量进行了测定。结果显示:实验期间,零换水池塘水体的C、TDS和底泥TOC含量显著低于普通池塘,SD显著高于普通池塘;其余指标均无显著性差异。结果表明零换水养殖不仅没有造成池塘环境恶化,反而在一定程度上改善了池塘环境。

The nutrient status of zero-water exchange pond(the experiment group)and common pond(the control group)of Ctenopharyngodon idella,Hypothalmichthys nobilis and Carassius auratus were studied from January 2017 to November 2018 to study the mechanism of three species of fishes in zero-water exchange pond.Indicators include water temperature(T),electrical conductivity(C),total dissolved solids(TDS),pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),transparency(SD),chlorophyll,nitrite nitrogen(NO^(-)_(2)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO^(-)_(3)-N),ammonium nitrogen(NH^(+)_(4)-N),phosphate(PO^(3-)_(4)-P),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total organic carbon(TOC)content and the total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and total organic carbon(TOC)content of the aquaculture pond sediment were determined.Results showed that water Cond,TDS and sediment TOC of the treatment group was significantly lower than those of the control group.Water SD of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group.There was no significant difference in the other indicators between these two groups.Results indicated that the zero-water exchange culture mode did not cause deterioration of the pond,but also improved the pond environment to some extent.