中国失能老年人认知功能现况及影响因素

Cognitive function and its influencing factors in the disabled elderly in China

目的探讨中国失能老年人认知功能现况及影响因素。方法利用2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(CHARLS),选取其中1044名≥60岁老年人群为研究对象,应用工具性日常生活活动能力量表(IADL)评定老年人的失能状况,应用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评估老年人的认知功能情况。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验或方差分析进行组间比较。应用多元线性回归分析影响失能老年人认知功能的因素。结果失能老年人认知功能评分为(18.84±6.53)分,认知受损率为56.13%(586/1044)。多因素回归分析结果显示,教育程度、抑郁、婚姻满意度、空气满意度及养老保险对于失能老年人认知功能具有一定的预测作用(P<0.05)。结论中国失能老年人认知功能现况不容乐观,需积极采取措施预防失能老年人认知功能的下降,促进实现健康老龄化。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of cognitive function in the disabled elderly in China.Methods Using 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS 2018),1044 people aged≥60 years were selected for the study,whose disability was assessed with instrumental activity of daily living(IADL)and cognition with mini-mental state examination(MMSE).SPSS statistics 22.0 was used for data analysis.Depending on the data type,comparison between groups was performed using t-test or analysis of variance.Multiple linear regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors of the cognitive function in the disabled elderly.Results Cognitive function among the disabled elderly averaged(18.84±6.53)points,with a cognitive impairment of 56.13%.Multivariate regression analysis showed that education level,depression,marital satisfaction,air quality satisfaction and pension insurance were predictive of the cognitive function in the disabled elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion The cognitive function in the disabled elderly in China is not optimistic.We need to take active measures to prevent cognitive decline in the disabled elderly,promote the realization of healthy aging.