社区医院综合干预措施对老年可能肌少症患者肌肉质量及身体功能的影响

Effects of integrated intervention on muscle mass and physical functions in the elderly individuals with possible sarcopenia in a community hospital

目的观察社区医院综合干预措施对老年可能肌少症患者肌肉质量、身体功能及生活质量的干预效果。方法将2020年5月至7月纳入的64名老年可能肌少症患者按随机数表法随机分为2组,对照组实施并发症管理及健康教育(n=30),研究组实施包括并发症、运动、营养的综合管理(n=34)。通过12周的干预,观察干预措施对2组人群小腿围、上肢握力、身体成分、躯体功能及健康行为能力自评的干预效果。采用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验、秩和检验或χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。结果干预12周后,研究组人群较干预前及同期对照组人群体脂百分比明显降低;上、下肢肌肉质量和小腿围明显增加;上肢握力明显增加;坐起用时明显减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组人群管理干预后各项指标与干预前相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论综合干预管理可促进老年可能肌少症人群肌肉质量及肌肉力量的提高,改善躯体功能,减少肌少症的发生,提高生活质量。

Objective To observe the effects of integrated interventions on muscle mass,physical functions,and quality of life in the elderly individuals with possible sarcopenia in a community hospital.Methods A total of 64 elderly individuals with possible sarcopenia were randomly divided into control group(CON group,n=30)and integrated intervention group(INT group,n=34).The CON group received complication management and health education,and the INT group received integrated interventions of medication,exercise and nutrition.After 12 weeks,the effects of intervention were observed on the calf circumference,upper limb grip strength,body composition,physical function and self-assessment of healthy behaviors in the two groups.SPSS statistics 23.0 was used for data analysis.Depending on the data type,t-test,rank-sum test,orχ^(2) test were used for comparison between groups.Results Compared with the same group before intervention and the CON group after intervention,the INT group had lower body fat percentage,higher muscle mass of upper or lower limbs and calf circumferences,stronger grip strength,and shorter timed up and go(TUG)duration,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant changes in the indexes of CON group before and after intervention(P>0.05).Conclusion The integrated interventions can improve muscle mass,muscle strength and physical functions of the elderly with possible sarcopenia,thus reducing sarcopenia occurrence and enhancing their quality of life.