前庭性偏头痛的诊治进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of vestibular migraine

前庭性偏头痛(VM)是一种以前庭症状反复发作常伴有偏头痛特征的致残性疾病。VM发病机制目前尚未完全清楚,多数研究认为与离子通道缺陷、皮层扩布性抑制、炎症及遗传易感性有关。头颅磁共振、听力学及前庭功能检查等临床检查对VM的诊断尚无特异性,但有助于排除其他诊断。VM根据发作情况,可分为急性期治疗和预防性治疗,临床上应根据患者实际情况进行个体化治疗。本文对VM的发病机制、临床特点、辅助检查、诊断及治疗进行综述,旨在帮助临床医师进一步认识VM。

Vestibular migraine(VM)is a disabling disease characterized by recurrent vestibular symptoms and often accompanied by migraine.The pathogenesis of VM is not completely clear.Most studies believe that it is related to ion channel defects,cortical spreading depression,inflammation and genetic susceptibility.Clinical examinations such as cranial magnetic resonance,audiology and vestibular function examination have no specificity for the diagnosis of VM,but they are helpful to exclude other diagnoses.According to type of its attack,VM is commonly given acute treatment and preventive treatment.Clinically,individualized treatment should be carried out based on patient′s actual condition.This paper reviews the pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,auxiliary examination,diagnosis and treatment of VM in order to help clinicians further understand VM.