科学传播与边界设置:基于科学家话语特征及权威建构的研究

Science Communication and Boundary-Setting:Research on the Discourse Features and Authority Construction of Scientists Group

科学与非科学、科学家群体与公众之间的边界设置与科学权威关系自20世纪末便成为科学社会学中所关注的热点问题。选取知乎为研究田野,对知乎平台上的转基因话题的科学传播现象进行了基于批判话语分析的研究,以关注在新媒体科学传播过程中,科学家群体作为科学知识的传播者的意识形态以及其边界设置行为的具体情况。研究发现,科学家群体在有关于转基因的线上科学传播过程中通过采用一系列的话语边界设置手段,区隔了自身与公众之间的身份边界,并借此进一步维护了自身在转基因科学传播与科学讨论过程中的话语权威。

The boundary between science and non-science,scientists group and the public,and the relationship between such boundary and the authority of science have been hot issues in the field of sociology of science since the end of 20th century. Facing this issue,this research has chosen Zhihu as research field,and used discourse analysis as research methods to analyze the discourse features of scientists group on Zhihu and tried to investigate the ideology and boundary setting of scientists group via analyzing such discourse features. This research will provide some new perspectives for approaching the authority of science in science communication process. The findings show that the scientists on Zhihu adopted a series of‘boundary setting’discourse techniques in the online science communication about GMOs,which confirmed the identity boundary between themselves and the public,and thus further maintained their own discourse authority in the online science discussion and communication process.