两种栽培模式下酿酒葡萄光合特性及果实品质的研究

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Wine Grapes under Two Cultivation Patterns

为筛选适宜宁夏同心县栽培的酿酒葡萄品种,以3年生‘赤霞珠’等6个品种为材料,选用根域限制和常规栽培两种模式定植,调查不同品种葡萄叶片的光合特性、水分利用率、枝条成熟情况、浆果品质等指标。结果表明,两种栽培模式下‘美乐’‘赤霞珠’一年生枝条成熟情况较好,‘马瑟兰’光合优势最明显,且限根模式优于常规栽培。采收期6个品种的糖酸比均大于20,根域限制下‘黑比诺’‘美乐’‘品丽珠’糖酸比均大于30;限根栽培提高了所有品种的花色苷,以‘赤霞珠’‘黑比诺’增加明显;限根栽培增加了‘品丽珠’的皮总酚,降低了‘赤霞珠’‘马瑟兰’的皮总酚和所有品种的皮单宁。综上所述,同心地区推荐发展‘黑比诺’‘美乐’,不推荐种植‘西拉’,限根栽培对品质指标的影响各品种表现不一。

In order to select the suitable grape cultivars in Tongxin region of Ningxia,six three-year-old wine grape cultivars were used as materials,leaf photosynthetic properties,water use efficiency,cane maturity and berry quality were investigated under root restriction and conventional cultivation patterns.The results showed that cane maturity of'Merlot''Cabernet Sauvignon'were better under two cultivation patterns.Of all the cultivars,'Marselan'had the greatest photosynthetic advantage,and root restriction was better than conventional pattern.the sugar-acid ratio of six wine grape varieties was all over 20 during the harvest period,'Pinot Noir''Merlot'and'Cabernet Franc'were all over 30 under root restriction,which increased the sugar-acid ratio of all varieties except'Cabernet Sauvignon'and'Marselan'under root restriction.Anthocyanins content of all varieties were increased by root restriction cultivation,especially'Cabernet Sauvignon'and'Pinot Noir'.Root restriction cultivation increased the total phenolic content of'Cabernet Franc'in skin and decreased the total phenolic content of'Cabernet Sauvignon'and'Marselan'and tannin content of all varieties in skin.In conclusion,it was suggested that'Pinot Noir'and'Merlot'should be the suitable grapewine varieties to be developed,and'Syrah'was not recommended in Tongxin region.The effect of root restriction cultivation on berry quality index was different among varieties.